Adrian T E, Allen J M, Bloom S R, Ghatei M A, Rossor M N, Roberts G W, Crow T J, Tatemoto K, Polak J M
Nature. 1983;306(5943):584-6. doi: 10.1038/306584a0.
Tatemoto and Mutt recently used the presence of a C-terminal NH2 group to identify and isolate a new peptide, neuropeptide Y (NPY), from porcine brain. This 36 amino acid peptide was subsequently shown to be active on isolated vas deferens, vascular smooth muscle and pancreatic acinar cells in very low molar concentrations. In view of these potent effects we have now investigated its distribution in the human brain by radioimmunoassay and immunocytochemistry. High concentrations of NPY have been found, exceeding those of cholecystokinin and somatostatin, hitherto considered to be the most abundant neuropeptides. The distribution of NPY was different from that of any other peptide system described, being particularly concentrated in the basal ganglia, amygdala and nucleus accumbens. Immunocytochemistry demonstrated a large number of NPY neuronal cell bodies especially in the caudate and putamen. Immunoreactive neuronal cell bodies were also clearly localized in cortical areas, particularly layers V and VI. NPY, a newly discovered peptide with potent biological activity, thus seems to be among the most abundant of human neuropeptides. The massive numbers of NPY neurones in the basal ganglia suggest NPY to be of fundamental importance in the control of human motor function.
塔特莫托和穆特最近利用C末端氨基的存在，从猪脑中鉴定并分离出一种新的肽，即神经肽Y（NPY）。随后发现，这种由36个氨基酸组成的肽在极低的摩尔浓度下，对离体的输精管、血管平滑肌和胰腺腺泡细胞具有活性。鉴于这些强效作用，我们现在通过放射免疫分析和免疫细胞化学方法研究了它在人脑中的分布。已发现NPY的浓度很高，超过了胆囊收缩素和生长抑素，而胆囊收缩素和生长抑素迄今被认为是最丰富的神经肽。NPY的分布与所描述的任何其他肽系统都不同，特别集中在基底神经节、杏仁核和伏隔核。免疫细胞化学显示大量NPY神经元细胞体，尤其是在尾状核和壳核中。免疫反应性神经元细胞体也清晰地定位于皮质区域，特别是第V层和第VI层。因此，NPY作为一种新发现的具有强效生物活性的肽，似乎是人类最丰富的神经肽之一。基底神经节中大量的NPY神经元表明NPY在人类运动功能控制中具有至关重要的作用。
