Rauh W, Hund E, Sohl G, Rascher W, Mehls O, Schärer K
Kidney Int Suppl. 1983 Nov;15:S27-33.
Plasma renin activity (PRA), aldosterone, vasopressin and catecholamines were measured in 15 children (ages 7.3 to 16.2 years) with chronic renal failure (CRF) before and after one session of hemodialysis and in 15 control children. Basal levels of PRA and aldosterone in children with CRF did not differ significantly from control values, but showed a wider range. Uremic patients with nephronophthisis showed the highest basal PRA and aldosterone levels. In children with CRF, basal vasopressin levels were significantly higher (9.7 +/- [SEM] 2.0 ng/liter) than control values (3.2 +/- 0.8 ng/liter). Plasma noradrenalin and adrenalin concentrations were similar in children with CRF and controls. During hemodialysis, a fall in blood pressure and a rise in heart rate was observed in all children. PRA and catecholamines increased twofold to fivefold during dialysis while aldosterone and vasopressin showed a variable response. In contrast to reports in adults, there is no evidence for an insufficiency of vasoactive hormones or of the sympathetic nervous system in children on hemodialysis.
对15名慢性肾衰竭（CRF）儿童（年龄7.3至16.2岁）在一次血液透析前后以及15名对照儿童进行了血浆肾素活性（PRA）、醛固酮、血管加压素和儿茶酚胺的测定。CRF儿童的PRA和醛固酮基础水平与对照值相比无显著差异，但范围更广。患有肾单位肾痨的尿毒症患者基础PRA和醛固酮水平最高。CRF儿童的基础血管加压素水平显著高于对照值（9.7±[标准误]2.0纳克/升）（对照值为3.2±0.8纳克/升）。CRF儿童与对照儿童的血浆去甲肾上腺素和肾上腺素浓度相似。在血液透析期间，所有儿童均出现血压下降和心率上升。透析期间PRA和儿茶酚胺增加了两倍至五倍，而醛固酮和血管加压素则表现出不同的反应。与成人的报道相反，没有证据表明接受血液透析的儿童存在血管活性激素或交感神经系统功能不全。
