Bugnon C, Fellmann D, Gouget A, Bresson J L, Clavequin M C, Hadjiyiassemis M, Cardot J
J Steroid Biochem. 1984 Jan;20(1):183-95. doi: 10.1016/0022-4731(84)90205-x.
In the rat hypothalamus, antibodies to ovine CRF41 stain neurons of a paraventriculo-infundibular neuroglandular pathway. CRF like immunoreactivity (CLI)-containing perikarya are mostly packed in the parvocellular division of the paraventricular nucleus. Their morphology and topography differ from that of other peptidergic neurons. However a few CLI perikarya are also stained with vasopressin antibodies. CLI neurons project massively to the external layer of the median eminence (ELME). Adrenalectomy induced a total depletion of ELME CLI 12 to 24 h after surgery, followed by a secondary accumulation already conspicuous 5 days later. This biphasic evolution, identical to that of ELME vasopressin, is totally prevented by a replacement therapy with dexamethasone. Reserpine also induces an acute depletion of ELME CLI and vasopressin, that can be prevented by a monoamine oxidase inhibitor pretreatment. These results indicate the involvement of CLI neurons in the corticotropic axis, suggesting that they are indeed corticoliberin neurons. Among the extrahypothalamic locations of CLI neurons their abundance in the amygdala central nucleus is of interest since it is involved in the corticotropic axis. A similar pattern of CLI was noticed in several mammalian brains and also in lower vertebrates (birds, reptiles, amphibians, fishes). Species adaptations of CLI neurons were observed: CLI neurons are of the cerebrospinal fluid contacting type in the turtle. CLI fibres terminate close to corticotrophs in the fish pituitary. This suggests a direct excitosecretory role of CRF on these cells and concurs with a CRF function of CLI peptide even in fishes. CLI processes and terminals appear in the human fetal ELME at the 16th week of development and increase in number during the following weeks. Perikarya are seen at 19 weeks. In the rat CLI fibers and perikarya were detected as early as the 18th day of fetal development. Thus, paraventriculo-infundibular CLI system develops later than corticotrophs. This chronology perfectly concurs with the results of previous physiological and experimental studies.
在大鼠下丘脑，抗羊促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子（CRF）41的抗体可使室旁 - 漏斗神经腺通路的神经元染色。含促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子样免疫反应性（CLI）的胞体大多集中在室旁核的小细胞部。它们的形态和分布与其他肽能神经元不同。然而，少数CLI胞体也可被加压素抗体染色。CLI神经元大量投射至正中隆起外层（ELME）。肾上腺切除术后12至24小时，ELME的CLI完全耗尽，5天后出现二次积累，且已十分明显。这种双相变化与ELME加压素的变化相同，地塞米松替代疗法可完全阻止这种变化。利血平也会导致ELME的CLI和加压素急性耗尽，单胺氧化酶抑制剂预处理可预防这种情况。这些结果表明CLI神经元参与促肾上腺皮质激素轴，提示它们确实是促肾上腺皮质激素释放素神经元。在CLI神经元的下丘脑外位置中，其在杏仁核中央核中的丰富程度值得关注，因为该核参与促肾上腺皮质激素轴。在几种哺乳动物脑以及低等脊椎动物（鸟类、爬行动物、两栖动物、鱼类）中也观察到类似的CLI模式。观察到CLI神经元的物种适应性：海龟中的CLI神经元属于脑脊液接触型。鱼类垂体中CLI纤维终止于促肾上腺皮质激素细胞附近。这表明CRF对这些细胞具有直接的兴奋分泌作用，即使在鱼类中也支持CLI肽具有CRF功能。CLI突起和终末在人类胎儿发育第16周时出现在ELME中，并在随后几周数量增加。胞体在第19周可见。在大鼠中，CLI纤维和胞体早在胎儿发育第18天就可检测到。因此，室旁 - 漏斗CLI系统的发育晚于促肾上腺皮质激素细胞。这一顺序与先前的生理学和实验研究结果完全一致。
