Pearn J
Lancet. 1977 Jan 1;1(8001):7-9. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(77)91651-8.
A study of the neurological and intellectual sequelae of childhood near-drowning is reported. Results are from a total population study, without selection, of all freshwater immersion accidents in which consciousness was lost in the water. Such accidents affected 56 children in the city of Brisbane and environs over the period 1971-75. 54 of these children have been re-examined medically and psychometrically. Over 95 per cent of children who survived such accidents were neurologically normal. The median i.q. of survivors was 110 (range 90-137), which is higher than that of the general population. There is a suggestion that visualmotor (performance)) skills are particularly vulnerable to freshwater immersion hypoxia. In 20 per cent of survivors subscale disparities between verbal and performance skills exceeded 15 i.q. points. No correlation between the post-immersion I.Q. and either estimated immersion-time or water temperature was demonstrated in this study. No long-term emotional or personality disorders were encountered. Uncommon gross clinical sequelae of prolonged immersion in fresh water included spastic quadriplegia and gross mental retardation. All children in this study were apparently dead at the moment of rescue; despite this, the prognosis of near-drowning in childhood is excellent
本文报告了一项关于儿童溺水濒死神经学及智力后遗症的研究。研究结果来自一项对所有在水中失去意识的淡水溺水事故进行的无选择性总体人群研究。在1971年至1975年期间，此类事故影响了布里斯班市及其周边地区的56名儿童。其中54名儿童接受了医学和心理测量学的复查。此类事故中幸存的儿童超过95%神经功能正常。幸存者的智商中位数为110（范围90 - 137），高于普通人群。有迹象表明，视动（操作）技能特别容易受到淡水溺水缺氧的影响。在20%的幸存者中，言语和操作技能的分量表差异超过15个智商点。本研究未发现溺水后智商与估计的溺水时间或水温之间存在相关性。未发现长期的情绪或人格障碍。淡水长时间浸泡罕见的严重临床后遗症包括痉挛性四肢瘫痪和严重智力迟钝。本研究中的所有儿童在获救时看似已死亡；尽管如此，儿童溺水濒死的预后良好
