Panula P, Yang H Y, Costa E
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Apr;81(8):2572-6. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.8.2572.
A specific antiserum against histamine was produced in rabbits, and an immunohistochemical study of histamine-containing cells was carried out in rat brain. The antiserum bound histamine in a standard radioimmunoassay and stained mast cells located in various rat and guinea pig tissues. Enterochromaffin-like cells in the stomach and neurons in the posterior hypothalamic area could be detected with this antiserum. The staining was highly specific and was not abolished by preabsorption with histidine, histidine-containing peptides, serotonin, or catecholamines, whereas preabsorption with histamine completely abolished the staining. Immunoglobulins of this antiserum purified by affinity chromatography stained the same cells as did the crude antiserum, whereas the serum fraction, which was not absorbed by histamine-affinity ligand, failed to stain any neuron. Histamine-immunoreactive neuronal cell bodies were found only in the hypothalamic and premammillary areas of colchicine-treated rats. The largest group of cells was seen in the caudal magnocellular nucleus and medially on the dorsal and ventral aspects of the ventral premammillary nucleus. Immunoreactive nerve fibers, but no cell bodies, were detected in other parts of the brain. Histamine-immunoreactive mast cells were found in the median eminence and pituitary gland. The results suggest that histamine-containing neurons are located only in a small area of the posterior hypothalamus, and these cells are probably the source of ascending and descending fibers detected in other brain areas.
在兔体内制备了针对组胺的特异性抗血清，并对大鼠脑内含组胺的细胞进行了免疫组织化学研究。该抗血清在标准放射免疫分析中能结合组胺，并对位于大鼠和豚鼠不同组织中的肥大细胞进行染色。用这种抗血清可检测到胃中的肠嗜铬样细胞和下丘脑后区的神经元。这种染色具有高度特异性，用组氨酸、含组氨酸的肽、5-羟色胺或儿茶酚胺预吸收不能消除染色，而用组胺预吸收则完全消除染色。通过亲和层析纯化的该抗血清的免疫球蛋白与粗抗血清一样能对相同的细胞进行染色，而未被组胺亲和配体吸收的血清部分则不能对任何神经元进行染色。仅在秋水仙碱处理的大鼠的下丘脑和乳头前区发现了组胺免疫反应性神经元细胞体。最大的细胞群见于尾侧大细胞核对，以及乳头前腹核背侧和腹侧的内侧。在脑的其他部位检测到了组胺免疫反应性神经纤维，但未发现细胞体。在正中隆起和垂体中发现了组胺免疫反应性肥大细胞。结果表明，含组胺的神经元仅位于下丘脑后部的一个小区域，这些细胞可能是在脑的其他区域检测到的升、降纤维的来源。
