Zimmerli W
Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1984 Mar 24;114(12):394-9.
Diabetic patients are said to be prone to infections. Several studies of different host defense mechanisms report defects in individual granulocyte functions and cell mediated immunity, especially in patients with poorly controlled diabetes. Diabetic females have an increased risk of developing urinary tract infections. This high susceptibility is probably due to local risk factors such as diabetic cystopathy and vaginitis, the latter being frequently associated with glucosuria. Urinary tract infections in diabetic individuals often have a complicated course which may be explained by the aforementioned compromised host defense mechanisms. Diabetics have an increased risk not only of lower, but also of upper urinary tract infections. Urinary tract infections such as emphysematous cystitis and pyelonephritis, as well as papillary necrosis as a complication of pyelonephritis, are not uncommon in diabetic patients. Rapid recognition and management of such complicated urinary tract infections is important.
据说糖尿病患者容易感染。几项关于不同宿主防御机制的研究报告了个体粒细胞功能和细胞介导免疫的缺陷，尤其是在糖尿病控制不佳的患者中。糖尿病女性患尿路感染的风险增加。这种高易感性可能是由于局部危险因素，如糖尿病膀胱病变和阴道炎，后者常与糖尿有关。糖尿病患者的尿路感染往往病程复杂，这可能由上述受损的宿主防御机制来解释。糖尿病患者不仅下尿路感染的风险增加，上尿路感染的风险也增加。诸如气肿性膀胱炎和肾盂肾炎等尿路感染，以及作为肾盂肾炎并发症的乳头坏死，在糖尿病患者中并不少见。快速识别和处理此类复杂的尿路感染很重要。
