Gibbins I L, Brayden J E, Bevan J A
Peptides. 1984 Mar-Apr;5(2):209-12. doi: 10.1016/0196-9781(84)90208-0.
VIP-immunoreactive (IR) nerves were visualized in whole mounts and sections of cephalic arteries and cranial nerves of cats with indirect immunofluorescence. Perivascular VIP-IR nerves were very widely distributed in arteries and arterioles supplying glands, muscles and mucous membranes of the face. Within the cerebral circulation, perivascular VIP-IR nerves were most abundant in the Circle of Willis and the proximal portions of the major cerebral arteries and their proximal branches supplying the rostral brain stem and ventral areas of the cerebral cortex. VIP-IR nerves were absent from arterial branches supplying the posterior brain stem, cerebellum and dorsal cerebral cortex. Cerebral perivascular VIP-IR nerves probably arise from VIP-IR perikarya within microganglia found in the cavernous plexus and external rete. Extracerebral perivascular VIP-IR nerves probably arise from VIP-IR perikarya in microganglia associated with the tympanic plexus, chorda tympani, lingual nerve and Vidian nerve as well as from cells in the otic, sphenopalatine, submandibular and sublingual ganglia. It seems likely, therefore, that each major segment of the cephalic circulation is supplied by local VIP-IR neurons.
采用间接免疫荧光法，在猫的头动脉和脑神经整装片及切片中观察到血管活性肠肽免疫反应性（VIP-IR）神经。血管周围的VIP-IR神经广泛分布于供应面部腺体、肌肉和黏膜的动脉和小动脉中。在脑循环中，血管周围的VIP-IR神经在 Willis 环、大脑主要动脉近端及其供应脑桥前部和大脑皮质腹侧区域的近端分支中最为丰富。供应脑桥后部、小脑和大脑皮质背侧的动脉分支中没有VIP-IR神经。脑内血管周围的VIP-IR神经可能起源于海绵丛和外网状结构中微神经节内的VIP-IR神经核周体。脑外血管周围的VIP-IR神经可能起源于与鼓室丛、鼓索、舌神经和翼管神经相关的微神经节内的VIP-IR神经核周体，以及耳、蝶腭、下颌下和舌下神经节中的细胞。因此，头循环的每个主要节段似乎都由局部的VIP-IR神经元供应。
