Donovan W H, Dwyer A P
Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1984 Oct(189):12-21.
Both the spinal cord physician and the spinal surgeon must be fully cognizant of the alterations of functions in multiple systems of the body caused by a spinal cord injury. Complications can easily arise, particularly within the respiratory, urinary, and integumentary systems. Most are preventable if the medical and nursing staff are sufficiently knowledgeable to anticipate them and if the necessary equipment and facilities are available. Regionalization of care with early referral to a spinal cord injury center has become a cost-effective way to manage these patients. Only if their medical needs are met and complications are prevented will surgery, performed to allow early mobilization, really accomplish the desired result. This update reviews the current medical and surgical points of view concerning diagnosis, fracture classification, spinal stability, reduction and stabilization of the fracture deformity, and spinal canal decompression.
脊髓科医生和脊柱外科医生都必须充分认识到脊髓损伤所导致的身体多个系统功能的改变。并发症很容易出现，尤其是在呼吸、泌尿和皮肤系统。如果医护人员具备足够的知识来预见这些并发症，并且有必要的设备和设施，那么大多数并发症是可以预防的。早期转诊至脊髓损伤中心进行区域化护理已成为管理这些患者的一种具有成本效益的方式。只有满足他们的医疗需求并预防并发症，为实现早期活动而进行的手术才能真正达到预期效果。本综述回顾了当前关于诊断、骨折分类、脊柱稳定性、骨折畸形的复位与固定以及椎管减压的医学和外科观点。
