Oosterlinck W, Minnaert H, Verbaeys A
Curr Med Res Opin. 1984;9(2):93-5. doi: 10.1185/03007998409109565.
In an open investigation, ciramadol, a partial agonist of opioid, was found to be a potent analgesic when 20 mg was given intravenously to 30 patients experiencing severe pain of renal colic. Total pain relief was obtained in 9 patients, while very good pain relief was obtained in 17 others. However, severe pain was experienced again in 7 of them after 1 to 2 hours. Vomiting and nausea occurred in 9 patients, and dizziness was present in 7 patients. The haemodynamic equilibrium was not changed by the analgesic.
在一项开放性研究中，阿片类部分激动剂环拉马朵以20毫克静脉注射给予30名患有严重肾绞痛的患者时，被发现是一种强效镇痛药。9名患者疼痛完全缓解，另有17名患者疼痛得到很好缓解。然而，其中7名患者在1至2小时后再次出现剧痛。9名患者出现呕吐和恶心，7名患者出现头晕。该镇痛药未改变血液动力学平衡。
