Burkhart B R, Gynther M D, Christian W L
J Clin Psychol. 1978 Jan;34(1):76-9. doi: 10.1002/1097-4679(197801)34:1<76::aid-jclp2270340116>3.0.co;2-e.
Investigated the relationship between psychological mindedness (measured by the Psychological Mindedness [Py] scale of the California Psychological Inventory [CPI]), intelligence (estimated by American College Test [act] scores), and item subtlety endorsement patterns of Ss asked to answer the MMPI under standard, fake-good, and fake-bad response sets. Male (N equal to 30) and female (N equal to 30) undergraduate students completed the Py scale and two MMPI protocols--one under standard test-taking instructions and the other under either a fake-good or a fake-bad set with order of administration and sex counterbalanced. Under the standard response set, Ss who scored high on the CPI-Py endorsed more very subtle and somewhat subtle items and fewer neutral, somewhat obvious, and very obvious items than Ss who scored low on this scale. Intellectual ability was not related to the endorsement of subtle or obvious items under standard or fake-good response sets. Under instructions to fake-bad, more intelligent individuals endorsed fewer somewhat subtle items and more very obvious items than less intelligent individuals. These results were discussed in reference to the utility of subtle items as unobstrusive measures of personality or as indicators of certain response sets.
研究了心理意识（通过加利福尼亚心理调查表[CPI]的心理意识[Py]量表测量）、智力（通过美国大学考试[act]分数估计）与在标准、假装良好和假装不良反应集条件下被要求回答明尼苏达多项人格调查表（MMPI）的受试者的项目微妙性认可模式之间的关系。30名男性和30名女性本科生完成了Py量表和两份MMPI测试——一份在标准测试指导下进行，另一份在假装良好或假装不良的条件下进行，测试顺序和性别相互平衡。在标准反应集条件下，CPI-Py得分高的受试者比该量表得分低的受试者认可更多非常微妙和有些微妙的项目，而认可较少中性、有些明显和非常明显的项目。在标准或假装良好反应集条件下，智力能力与微妙或明显项目的认可无关。在假装不良的指导语下，较聪明的个体比较不聪明的个体认可较少有些微妙的项目和较多非常明显的项目。参照微妙项目作为人格的无干扰测量或某些反应集指标的效用对这些结果进行了讨论。
