Chi M L, Lin M T
J Neural Transm. 1983;58(3-4):213-22. doi: 10.1007/BF01252807.
The mechanisms underlying the thermal effects induced by intrahypothalamic administration of either d-amphetamine or thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) has been investigated in conscious rats. Direct administration of d-amphetamine (1-10 micrograms in 1 microliter) or TRH (1-4 micrograms in 1 microliter) into the preoptic anterior hypothalamus caused hyperthermia or fever at the ambient temperature (Ta: 8, 22 and 30 degrees C) studied. The fever induced by d-amphetamine or TRH was due to increased metabolic heat production at Ta 8 degrees C, while at Ta 30 degrees C the fever was due to cutaneous vasoconstriction in the rat. At Ta 22 degrees C, the fever was due to both increased metabolism and cutaneous vasoconstriction. Furthermore, the fever induced by intrahypothalamic administration of TRH was greatly reduced by pretreatment with intrahypothalamic administration of either yohimbine (a blocking agent of alpha-adrenergic receptors), phentolamine (a blocking agent of alpha-adrenergic receptors) or DL-propranolol (a blocking agent of beta-adrenergic receptors) in the rat. However, the fever induced by d-amphetamine was antagonized by pretreatment with yohimbine or phentolamine, but not with DL-propranolol in the rat. These observations indicate that the adrenergic receptor mechanisms within the hypothalamus are involved in the fever induced by both d-amphetamine and TRH.
在清醒大鼠中，对下丘脑内注射d-苯丙胺或促甲状腺激素释放激素（TRH）所诱导的热效应的潜在机制进行了研究。将d-苯丙胺（1微升中含1 - 10微克）或TRH（1微升中含1 - 4微克）直接注射到视前区下丘脑前部，在所研究的环境温度（Ta：8、22和30摄氏度）下会引起体温过高或发热。d-苯丙胺或TRH诱导的发热在Ta 8摄氏度时是由于代谢产热增加，而在Ta 30摄氏度时，发热是由于大鼠皮肤血管收缩。在Ta 22摄氏度时，发热是由于代谢增加和皮肤血管收缩共同作用。此外，在大鼠中，下丘脑内预先注射育亨宾（一种α-肾上腺素能受体阻断剂）、酚妥拉明（一种α-肾上腺素能受体阻断剂）或DL-普萘洛尔（一种β-肾上腺素能受体阻断剂）可大大降低下丘脑内注射TRH所诱导的发热。然而，在大鼠中，d-苯丙胺诱导的发热可被预先注射育亨宾或酚妥拉明所拮抗，但不能被DL-普萘洛尔拮抗。这些观察结果表明，下丘脑内的肾上腺素能受体机制参与了d-苯丙胺和TRH诱导的发热。
