Ellis M E, Mandal B K, Dunbar E M, Bundell K R
Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1984 Feb 18;288(6416):524-6. doi: 10.1136/bmj.288.6416.524.
During a prospective study of infectious gastroenteritis in children under 2 years, 19 out of 390 patients (4.9%) were found to have Clostridium difficile cytotoxin in the faeces. In several there was no history of use of antibiotics. The symptoms of many infants with toxin settled spontaneously, but one child became acutely and severely ill and developed a toxic megacolon and five others required, and responded to, vancomycin. Cl difficile was cultured from the stools in 191 (49%) of the children. The highly significant increased prevalence of past use of antibiotics in 118 control patients was not associated with an increased incidence of either isolation of Cl difficile or presence of faecal cytotoxin. Cl difficile should not be overlooked as a cause of acute diarrhoea and vomiting in children under 2 years.
在一项针对2岁以下儿童感染性肠胃炎的前瞻性研究中，390名患者中有19名（4.9%）粪便中检测出艰难梭菌细胞毒素。其中几例并无使用抗生素的病史。许多携带毒素的婴儿症状自行缓解，但有一名儿童病情急剧加重，发展为中毒性巨结肠，另有五名儿童需要使用万古霉素治疗且治疗有效。191名（49%）儿童的粪便培养出艰难梭菌。118名对照患者过去使用抗生素的比例显著增加，但这与艰难梭菌分离率或粪便细胞毒素的出现率增加无关。作为2岁以下儿童急性腹泻和呕吐的病因，艰难梭菌不应被忽视。
