Silva M C, Rothbart D
ANS Adv Nurs Sci. 1984 Jan;6(2):1-13. doi: 10.1097/00012272-198401000-00004.
The effects of changing trends in philosophies of science on nursing theory development and testing are analyzed. Two philosophies of science--logical empiricism and historicism--are compared for four variables: (1) components of science, (2) conception of science, (3) assessment of scientific progress, and (4) goal of philosophy of science. These factors serve as the basis for assessing trends in the development and testing of nursing theory from 1964 to the present. The analysis shows a beginning philosophic shift within nursing theory from logical empiricism to historicism and addresses implications and recommendations for future nursing theory development and testing.
分析了科学哲学思潮的变化趋势对护理理论发展和检验的影响。比较了两种科学哲学——逻辑经验主义和历史主义——在四个变量方面的差异：（1）科学的组成部分，（2）科学的概念，（3）对科学进步的评估，以及（4）科学哲学的目标。这些因素为评估1964年至今护理理论发展和检验的趋势提供了基础。分析表明，护理理论内部开始出现从逻辑经验主义向历史主义的哲学转变，并探讨了对未来护理理论发展和检验的影响及建议。
