Sailer D
Fortschr Med. 1984 Feb 16;102(7):147-51.
A sufficient nutrition of seriously ill patients is uninevitable. Basically we have two possibilities: the enteral and the parenteral nutrition. The enteral nutrition therapy shows only few complications and is well tolerated by patients. The standard diet is the high molecular diet. If the absorption performance of the small intestine is limited the chemically defined diet including the oligopeptide diet haven proven themselves as efficient. On the other hand the parenteral nutrition is indicated when quick metabolic changes or specific influence on aminoacid-homoeostasis are desirable. Furthermore parenteral nutrition is necessary in all diseases which won't allow enteral nutrition.
重症患者充足的营养是必不可少的。基本上我们有两种选择：肠内营养和肠外营养。肠内营养疗法并发症少，患者耐受性良好。标准饮食是高分子饮食。如果小肠的吸收功能受限，包括寡肽饮食在内的化学定义饮食已证明是有效的。另一方面，当需要快速的代谢变化或对氨基酸稳态有特定影响时，就需要肠外营养。此外，在所有不允许进行肠内营养的疾病中，肠外营养都是必要的。
