Sarwar M, Virapongse C, Bhimani S
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 1984 May-Jun;5(3):235-42.
Primary tethered cord syndrome is defined as low placement of the spinal cord and thickened filum terminale with associated anomalies. This definition excludes anomalies concomitant with overt myelomeningocele and spinal cord tethering secondary to myelomeningocele repair. Embryologically, the primary tethered cord syndrome is an entirely different entity from overt myelomeningocele and associated Arnold-Chiari type II malformation, but its origins have not been satisfactorily explained. The authors postulate that primary tethered cord syndrome is a manifestation of local dysmorphogenesis of all three germ layers at the lumbosacral area, possibly triggered by a hemorrhagic, inflammatory, or some other local lesion occurring in embryogenesis.
原发性脊髓栓系综合征的定义为脊髓低位、终丝增粗并伴有相关异常。该定义不包括与明显脊髓脊膜膨出同时存在的异常以及脊髓脊膜膨出修补术后继发的脊髓栓系。从胚胎学角度来看，原发性脊髓栓系综合征与明显的脊髓脊膜膨出及相关的阿诺德-奇亚里II型畸形是完全不同的实体，但其起源尚未得到令人满意的解释。作者推测，原发性脊髓栓系综合征是腰骶部所有三个胚层局部发育异常的一种表现，可能是由胚胎发生过程中出现的出血、炎症或其他局部病变引发的。
