Dickinson W J, Rowan R G, Brennan M D
Heredity (Edinb). 1984 Apr;52 ( Pt 2):215-25. doi: 10.1038/hdy.1984.23.
In Drosophila melanogaster X D. simulans hybrids, the alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) electromorphs characteristic of the two parents display tissue- and stage-specific differences in relative level of expression. This implies distinct cis-acting regulatory elements associated with the respective Adh alleles. These cis-acting elements account in part, but not completely, for markedly different overall patterns of ADH expression in the two species. The regulatory patterns seem to be adaptively significant since they correlate with species-specific patterns of ethanol tolerance. The activity differences are accounted for by different levels of enzyme protein, but the underlying mechanisms have not been fully analysed and may be complex. Independent evolution of various aspects of the ADH developmental programme may relate to use of different promoters for transcription of the Adh locus in different developmental contexts. This system illustrates the potential importance of regulatory genes in evolution and provides a model for investigating the molecular basis of evolved regulatory differences.
在黑腹果蝇与拟果蝇的杂交种中，两个亲本特有的乙醇脱氢酶（ADH）电泳变体在表达的相对水平上表现出组织和阶段特异性差异。这意味着与各自的Adh等位基因相关的不同顺式作用调控元件。这些顺式作用元件部分但并非完全地解释了两种物种中ADH表达的显著不同的总体模式。调控模式似乎具有适应性意义，因为它们与物种特异性的乙醇耐受性模式相关。活性差异是由酶蛋白的不同水平造成的，但潜在机制尚未得到充分分析，可能很复杂。ADH发育程序各个方面的独立进化可能与在不同发育背景下使用不同启动子转录Adh基因座有关。这个系统说明了调控基因在进化中的潜在重要性，并为研究进化调控差异的分子基础提供了一个模型。
