Börner U, Müller H, Höge R, Hempelmann G
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 1984 Jun;28(3):277-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.1984.tb02060.x.
The results of acid-base status and blood-gas analysis can be influenced massively by incorrect sampling. We found that the addition of heparin has no great effect on blood-gas measurement. Citric acid and fluoride can also be admixed to blood samples in the usual concentrations without severe side-effects. The major error in the determination of blood gases and acid-base status is a consequence of even minimal dilution: filling the deadspace of a syringe with any diluent leads to unacceptable results. Hence, we conclude that blood specimens for determination of blood gases and acid-base status should be taken in specially prepared syringes containing the anticoagulant in the form of a dry substance. We think that citric acid is also acceptable for anticoagulation. Fluoride should be added in order to minimize alterations of pH due to anaerobic glycolysis.
酸碱状态和血气分析的结果可能会受到采样不正确的极大影响。我们发现添加肝素对血气测量影响不大。柠檬酸和氟化物也可以按常规浓度混入血样中，且不会产生严重副作用。血气和酸碱状态测定中的主要误差是即使是极少量稀释的结果：用任何稀释剂填充注射器的死腔都会导致不可接受的结果。因此，我们得出结论，用于测定血气和酸碱状态的血标本应使用装有干燥物质形式抗凝剂的特制注射器采集。我们认为柠檬酸也可用于抗凝。应添加氟化物以尽量减少因无氧糖酵解导致的pH值变化。
