Fetissof F, Dubois M P, Assan R, Arbeille-Brassart B, Baroudi A, Tharanne M J, Jobard P
Virchows Arch A Pathol Anat Histopathol. 1984;404(1):39-47. doi: 10.1007/BF00704249.
Endocrine cells are normal inhabitants of the anal canal. While numerous endocrine cells are distributed throughout anal ducts and crypts, few are dispersed in the anal transitional zone. All these cells were characterized as serotonin-storing cells, and this endocrine profile is quite distinctive from that of adjacent mucosae. Rectal epithelium contains serotonin, somatostatin, enteroglucagon, BPP and HPP immunoreactive cells; endocrine cells are lacking in the pectinal folds and perianal skin. It is suggested that this distinctive hormonal profile may be regarded as a specific marker of this anal territory. The same pattern is found in the fetal transitional lining of anal canal. Evidence of serotonin-storing cells in the transitional epithelium of anal glands and crypts and in the ATZ epithelium, reinforces the homology between these linings and urothelium. The presence of a similar fetal epithelium implies that ATZ epithelium in adults is not necessarily metaplastic. All derivatives of the cloaca may therefore share the same endocrine profile.
内分泌细胞是肛管的正常组成部分。虽然大量内分泌细胞分布于肛管导管和隐窝，但在肛管移行区仅有少量散在分布。所有这些细胞均被鉴定为储存5-羟色胺的细胞，这种内分泌特征与相邻黏膜截然不同。直肠上皮含有5-羟色胺、生长抑素、肠高血糖素、胰多肽和高血糖素原免疫反应性细胞；肛梳襞和肛周皮肤中缺乏内分泌细胞。有人提出，这种独特的激素特征可被视为该肛管区域的特异性标志物。在胎儿肛管的移行衬里也发现了相同的模式。在肛管腺和隐窝的移行上皮以及肛管移行区上皮中存在储存5-羟色胺的细胞，这加强了这些衬里与尿路上皮之间的同源性。类似胎儿上皮的存在意味着成人的肛管移行区上皮不一定是化生的。因此，泄殖腔的所有衍生物可能具有相同的内分泌特征。
