Kerpel-Fronius E
Acta Paediatr Hung. 1984;25(1-2):127-30.
The great killers in the developing countries are the classical contagious diseases and diarrhoea. The high incidence of these diseases is mainly due to the enormously increased exposure to infectious agents in a milieu of incredibly low hygienic standards. Malnutrition on the other hand, is responsible for the long duration and the often malignant course of these diseases. Undermined immunity in malnutrition may lead to septicaemia. Diarrhoea, besides the danger of hyponatraemia, hypokalaemia, acceleration of the wasting process may lead to hypovolaemic shock. Other types of circulatory disturbance are caused by very low serum albumin values, by the overloading of the wasted heart by fluid, by hight salt or calorie intake. Further dangers are hypoglycaemia and hypothermia. The briefly summarized dangers can rather exceptionally also be encountered in the advanced countries. Malnutrition in these parts of the world is brought about by organic diseases, by intractable diarrhoea or by psychologic disturbances.
发展中国家的主要致死疾病是典型的传染病和腹泻。这些疾病的高发病率主要是由于在极低卫生标准的环境中接触传染源的机会大幅增加。另一方面，营养不良导致了这些疾病的病程延长且往往呈恶性发展。营养不良会削弱免疫力，进而可能引发败血症。腹泻除了有低钠血症、低钾血症的风险外，还会加速消瘦进程，可能导致低血容量性休克。其他类型的循环系统紊乱是由极低的血清白蛋白值、因液体导致消瘦的心脏负担过重、高盐或高热量摄入引起的。此外，还有低血糖和体温过低的风险。这些简要概括的风险在发达国家也可能偶尔出现。在世界这些地区，营养不良是由器质性疾病、顽固性腹泻或心理障碍导致的。
