Piccolo E, Delise P, Raviele A, D'Este D, Totaro G, De Piccoli B, Artusi L, Cazzin R
J Electrocardiol. 1980;13(3):267-74. doi: 10.1016/s0022-0736(80)80030-6.
Anterior displacement (AD) of the QRS horizontal loop (Frank VCG method) was induced by programmed right atrial stimulation (PRAS) in 15 cases. When AD occurred we noticed changes of the terminal QRS vectors and of the T loop similar to those observed in incomplete right bundle branch block (RBBB). The increasingly anticipated extrastimuli induced progressively the AD and then progressive degrees of RBBB. The anterior shifting of the efferent limb never appeared after the induction of RBBB. A left conduction disturbance never appeared after the AD. In cases of supposed incomplete left bundle branch block (i.e. left ventricular hypertrophy) the QRS duration decreased when the AD was induced. Therefore, the AD induced by PRAS and probably those observed in some clinical cases are due to a right ventricular conduction disturbance.
通过程控右心房刺激（PRAS）诱发15例患者QRS水平环（Frank心向量图法）向前移位（AD）。当出现AD时，我们注意到终末QRS向量和T环的变化类似于不完全性右束支传导阻滞（RBBB）中观察到的变化。提前出现的额外刺激逐渐诱发AD，然后出现不同程度的RBBB。RBBB诱发后，传出支从未出现向前移位。AD后从未出现左传导障碍。在疑似不完全性左束支传导阻滞（即左心室肥厚）的病例中，诱发AD时QRS时限缩短。因此，PRAS诱发的AD以及可能在某些临床病例中观察到的AD是由于右心室传导障碍所致。
