Parker G A, Langloss J M, Dubey J P, Hoover E A
Vet Pathol. 1981 Nov;18(6):786-803. doi: 10.1177/030098588101800609.
Systemic toxoplasmosis was produced in specific-pathogen-free cats by intravenous inoculation with Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites. Infectious organisms were recovered from all tissues studied, but the number of organisms recovered from liver, lungs and spleen was 10-fold to 10,000-fold higher than from heart and brain. The occurrence and severity of Toxoplasma-induced lesions correlated with the number of infectious organisms recovered from the various tissues. In nonlymphoid tissues, the Toxoplasma-associated lesions consisted of multifocal necrosis, usually with demonstrable organisms. Lesions in the spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes consisted of reticuloendothelial and lymphoid hyperplasia, with few demonstrable organisms. Pneumonitis was severe and sometimes fatal in the early stages of systemic toxoplasmosis. Light- and electron-microscopic studies showed that the earliest lung lesions were randomly distributed infiltrates of neutrophils, eosinophils, and mononuclear cells into alveolar walls. Later lesions were diffuse alveolar necrosis, pneumocytic hyperplasia, and extensive fibrinocellular exudates in alveoli. Tachyzoites were present in cytoplasmic vacuoles of fibroblasts, macrophages, type I and II pneumocytes, bronchiolar epithelial cells, bronchiolar smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, neutrophils, and eosinophils, and circulating monocytes. Replication of organisms was found in all parasitized cell types except neutrophils and eosinophils.
通过静脉注射刚地弓形虫速殖子，在无特定病原体的猫身上引发了全身性弓形虫病。在所研究的所有组织中均发现了感染性生物体，但从肝脏、肺和脾脏中回收的生物体数量比从心脏和大脑中回收的数量高出10倍至10000倍。弓形虫引起的病变的发生和严重程度与从各种组织中回收的感染性生物体数量相关。在非淋巴组织中，与弓形虫相关的病变包括多灶性坏死，通常可检测到生物体。脾脏和肠系膜淋巴结的病变包括网状内皮细胞和淋巴细胞增生，很少能检测到生物体。在全身性弓形虫病的早期，肺炎严重，有时会致命。光镜和电镜研究表明，最早的肺部病变是中性粒细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞和单核细胞随机浸润到肺泡壁。后期病变为弥漫性肺泡坏死、肺细胞增生以及肺泡内广泛的纤维细胞渗出。速殖子存在于成纤维细胞、巨噬细胞、I型和II型肺细胞、细支气管上皮细胞、细支气管平滑肌细胞、内皮细胞、中性粒细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞以及循环单核细胞的细胞质空泡中。除中性粒细胞和嗜酸性粒细胞外，在所有被寄生的细胞类型中均发现了生物体的复制。
