Barker K N, Pearson R E, Hepler C D, Smith W E, Pappas C A
Am J Hosp Pharm. 1984 Jul;41(7):1352-8.
The effect of an automated bedside dispensing machine on medication errors was studied on a 32-bed surgical unit of an 848-bed hospital. The experimental system (McLaughlin Dispensing System) included at each patient's bedside a locked medication cabinet that was electronically programmed to allow the nurse access to doses due at a particular time. The control system was a decentralized unit dose system. A crossover study design with random assignment of subjects and treatments was used. In the 14-day study period, nurses were observed by a pharmacist for 28 five-hour periods as they administered medications on the day and evening shifts. The mean error rates were significantly different--10.6% for the experimental system and 15.9% for the control system. Wrong time errors were the most common type. No significant differences were found between day and evening shifts or workloads of individual nurses. There was no treatment order effect. The error rate was significantly lower for the automated dispensing system than for the system using unit doses dispensed from a satellite pharmacy. Automated dispensing systems may be useful in reducing errors in administration time and dose omissions.
在一家拥有848张床位医院的32张床位的外科病房中，研究了床边自动配药机对用药错误的影响。实验系统（麦克劳克林配药系统）在每位患者床边设有一个上锁的药柜，该药柜通过电子编程，允许护士获取特定时间应发放的剂量。对照系统是一个分散式单剂量系统。采用了交叉研究设计，对受试者和治疗方法进行随机分配。在为期14天的研究期间，药剂师在护士进行日班和夜班给药时，对其进行了28个5小时时间段的观察。平均错误率有显著差异——实验系统为10.6%，对照系统为15.9%。给药时间错误是最常见的类型。在日班和夜班之间或个别护士的工作量之间未发现显著差异。没有治疗顺序效应。自动配药系统的错误率显著低于使用从卫星药房分发的单剂量系统。自动配药系统可能有助于减少给药时间错误和漏服剂量。
