White A J
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1984 Jul;55(7):598-603.
In a trial to assess the cognitive impairment attributable to benign acute mountain sickness (AMS) and to acetazolamide, six women and five men, 20-35 years old, ascended from sea-level to 3600 m in 36 h and were assessed for deterioration in performance on psychological tests. Of five sex-matched pairs with a mean age difference of 3.4 years (S.D. +/- 4.4 years), one member took slow-release acetazolamide 500 mg daily and one placebo on a double-blind basis during the ascent and again for an identical course at low altitude 32-38 d later. The unmatched woman took placebo during ascent. Before, during, and after each drug course each subject performed an Environmental Symptom Questionnaire (ESQ) and a psychological test battery consisting of trail-making, paced auditory serial addition test (PASAT), letter-digit code, dual-task cancellation and subtraction, and memory subtests. On ascent, ESQ score deteriorated by an average of 62 points in placebo subjects compared with 32 in acetazolamide subjects (p = 0.055). Deterioration in the psychological test battery was only significant in the PASAT (p less than 0.05) and memory (p less than 0.01) subtests of subjects taking placebo. For those taking acetazolamide, no test showed significant impairment, suggesting it had no detectable cognitive impairment at this dose.
在一项评估良性急性高原病（AMS）及乙酰唑胺所致认知障碍的试验中，6名女性和5名年龄在20至35岁之间的男性在36小时内从海平面升至3600米，并接受心理测试以评估其表现是否恶化。在五对性别匹配、平均年龄差为3.4岁（标准差±4.4岁）的受试者中，一名成员在攀登期间每天服用500毫克缓释乙酰唑胺，另一名服用安慰剂，采用双盲法，32至38天后在低海拔地区再次进行相同疗程。未匹配的那名女性在攀登期间服用安慰剂。在每个药物疗程之前、期间和之后，每位受试者都要完成一份环境症状问卷（ESQ）以及一组心理测试，包括连线测验、听觉连续加法测验（PASAT）、字母数字编码、双任务取消和减法以及记忆子测试。在攀登过程中，服用安慰剂的受试者ESQ得分平均恶化62分，而服用乙酰唑胺的受试者为32分（p = 0.055）。心理测试组中，仅服用安慰剂的受试者在PASAT（p < 0.05）和记忆（p < 0.01）子测试中的表现恶化显著。对于服用乙酰唑胺的受试者，没有测试显示出明显损害，表明该剂量下未发现有认知障碍。
