Beckman E N, Gathright J B, Ray J E
Cancer. 1984 Oct 1;54(7):1478-81. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(19841001)54:7<1478::aid-cncr2820540744>3.0.co;2-a.
In contrast to earlier studies that suggested that colon carcinoma is unusually lethal in the young, 69 patients, ages 20 to 39 years, had a relatively good prognosis. Fifty-nine percent lived over 5 years after diagnosis, and 51% were cured. Furthermore, 67% were cured if they did not have distant spread of the carcinoma at the time of the initial operation. Neither age, sex, tumor size, location, mere presence of lymph node metastases, depth of tumor invasion, nor predisposing disease of the colon was a strong prognostic factor. Metastases to six or more lymph nodes and distant spread of the tumor at the time of initial surgery were ominous findings. Mucinous carcinoma was relatively frequent (28%) and was also an ominous feature (only 5 of 20 patients cured as opposed to 26 of 43 with classical adenocarcinoma).
与早期研究表明结肠癌在年轻人中异常致命相反，69名年龄在20至39岁的患者预后相对较好。59%的患者在诊断后存活超过5年，51%的患者被治愈。此外，如果在初次手术时癌没有远处转移，67%的患者可被治愈。年龄、性别、肿瘤大小、位置、单纯存在淋巴结转移、肿瘤浸润深度以及结肠的易感疾病都不是强有力的预后因素。初次手术时转移至六个或更多淋巴结以及肿瘤远处转移是不祥的发现。黏液腺癌相对常见（28%），也是一个不祥特征（20例黏液腺癌患者中仅5例被治愈，而43例经典腺癌患者中有26例被治愈）。
