Singh N N, Winton A S
J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry. 1984 Mar;15(1):59-65. doi: 10.1016/0005-7916(84)90124-1.
Pica, the ingestion of inedible objects, and several collateral behaviors of a profoundly retarded woman were measured before, during and after the application of a screening contingency for pica. A variant of visual screening, blindfold, was used. Inedible objects were removed from the subject's mouth, but not her hand, during both baseline and treatment. During treatment each occurrence of pica resulted in the covering of the subject's eyes with a blindfold for 1 min. Pica was rapidly suppressed as the treatment was introduced sequentially in each of three settings in a multiple baseline design. It was further reduced to near-zero levels during later ward-wide maintenance and follow-up. Antecedents of pica, picking and handling inedible objects, also decreased to low levels without receiving special attention. Other untreated collateral behaviors, stereotypy, destructive and aggressive behaviors and social interactions with staff and other residents, which occurred at various levels initially, showed generally positive changes although these were sometimes small.
异食癖，即摄入不可食用物品，以及一名重度智力障碍女性的几种相关行为，在针对异食癖实施筛查性应急措施之前、期间和之后都进行了测量。采用了一种视觉筛查变体——蒙眼法。在基线期和治疗期，都将不可食用物品从受试者口中取出，但不从不她手中拿走。在治疗期间，每次出现异食癖都会导致用蒙眼布蒙住受试者眼睛1分钟。在多基线设计中，随着治疗在三个环境中依次引入，异食癖迅速得到抑制。在随后的全病房维持期和随访期间，异食癖进一步降至接近零的水平。异食癖的先兆，即捡起和处理不可食用物品的行为，在未受到特别关注的情况下也降至低水平。其他未治疗的相关行为，如刻板行为、破坏性行为和攻击性行为，以及与工作人员和其他居民的社交互动，最初发生在不同水平，总体上显示出积极变化，尽管有时变化很小。
