Bouchon R, Ropartz P
J Physiol (Paris). 1984;79(3):129-31.
The effects of pituitary grafts under the kidney capsule were studied in "dwarf" mutant mice which because of anterohypophyseal deficiency, exhibit dwarfism, sterility and important behavioral deficits. One month after grafting, the body weight was 120% in the grafted mutants while only 11 and 8% respectively in normal and sham-grafted controls. At the behavioral level, the animals were examined on 2 tasks: spontaneous alteration in a T maze and passive avoidance (step-through). Grafted mutant mice, as well as sham-grafted normal controls, were able to alternate successfully, while the sham-grafted "dwarf" mice persevered. In the step-through task, grafted animals as well as sham-grafted normal mice, avoided, entering the dark compartment, 24 h after the shock trial. On contrast, sham-grafted dwarf mice did not show passive avoidance of the shock. According to the literature, pituitary grafts under the kidney capsule secrete high levels of prolactin and very little, if any, of other pituitary hormones. It is not yet clear how the presence of only prolactin can explain the body weight and the maintenance of the behaviors we investigated.
在“侏儒”突变小鼠中研究了肾囊下垂体移植的效果，这些小鼠由于垂体前叶缺乏，表现出侏儒症、不育和严重的行为缺陷。移植后一个月，移植的突变小鼠体重为正常体重的120%，而正常对照和假手术移植对照小鼠的体重分别仅为正常体重的11%和8%。在行为层面，对动物进行了两项任务的测试：T迷宫中的自发交替和被动回避（穿梭）。移植的突变小鼠以及假手术移植的正常对照小鼠能够成功交替，而假手术移植的“侏儒”小鼠则持续不变。在穿梭任务中，移植的动物以及假手术移植的正常小鼠在电击试验24小时后都避免进入黑暗隔室。相比之下，假手术移植的侏儒小鼠没有表现出对电击的被动回避。根据文献，肾囊下垂体移植分泌高水平的催乳素，而其他垂体激素分泌极少，即便有也微乎其微。仅催乳素的存在如何解释我们所研究的体重和行为维持情况，目前尚不清楚。
