The use of dreams in psychotherapy: practical guidelines.

Although there is a large literature pertaining to the use of the dream in psychoanalysis, there is no systematic approach to working with dreams in psychotherapy. This communication seeks to present some guidelines for the use of the dream in psychotherapy. Reference is made to the significant difference in the "dimensions" of psychoanalysis as compared to psychotherapy. A distinction is drawn between the use of the dream in supportive psychotherapy as contrasted with insight-oriented psychotherapy. In the former, the dream--if used at all--serves supportive functions; in the latter, the goals are to develop better awareness by the patient of himself. Understanding of the dream is reached by inserting it into the context of the patient's psychological life; however, what is actually communicated to the patient will be keyed to the psychologic surface that the patient presents.