Schüssler W, Ruhenstroth-Bauer G
Blut. 1984 Sep;49(3):213-7. doi: 10.1007/BF00319824.
The uptake of macromolecules by erythrocytes can be achieved with the electrical breakdown technique [2, 4]. In this technique the erythrocyte membranes are subjected to a high external electrical field pulse for a short period. Local, reversible breakdowns of the cell membrane occur above a critical field strength which lead to a time-dependent increase in the permeability of the membrane. By this means, human erythrocyte membranes can be made permeable to DNA, pharmaceutical compounds, and latex particles following an electrical field pulse [1, 3, 5]. Larger particles should also be taken up by erythrocytes using this method. Vienken et al. [5] demonstrated the entrapment of latex particles with a diameter of 0.091 micron in human erythrocyte ghosts, although this was shown with only a single electron micrograph which does not prove that the ghost membrane was intact. In our experiments in order to entrap latex particles with a diameter of 0.26 micron rat erythrocytes were subjected to an electrical field pulse of 12 kV/cm with a decay time of 60 microseconds. Experiments using the electron microscope show that after such an electrical field pulse the uptake of latex particles by rat erythrocytes follows the stomatocytotic pathway. We show further that using electron microscopic techniques, a single section cannot demonstrate the completed uptake of a latex particle by the erythrocyte.
通过电击穿技术可以实现红细胞对大分子的摄取[2,4]。在该技术中，红细胞膜在短时间内受到高外部电场脉冲作用。当电场强度超过临界值时，细胞膜会发生局部、可逆的击穿，这会导致细胞膜通透性随时间增加。通过这种方式，在电场脉冲作用后，人类红细胞膜可对DNA、药物化合物和乳胶颗粒具有通透性[1,3,5]。使用这种方法，较大的颗粒也应该能被红细胞摄取。Vienken等人[5]证明了直径为0.091微米的乳胶颗粒被包封在人类红细胞血影中，尽管这仅通过一张电子显微镜照片显示，而这并不能证明血影膜是完整的。在我们的实验中，为了包封直径为0.26微米的乳胶颗粒，将大鼠红细胞置于电场强度为12 kV/cm、衰减时间为60微秒的电场脉冲下。使用电子显微镜的实验表明，在这样的电场脉冲后，大鼠红细胞对乳胶颗粒的摄取遵循口形细胞摄取途径。我们进一步表明，使用电子显微镜技术，单张切片无法证明红细胞已完全摄取乳胶颗粒。
