Leichnetz G R, Spencer R F, Smith D J
J Comp Neurol. 1984 Sep 20;228(3):359-87. doi: 10.1002/cne.902280306.
Cortical projections to cell groups surrounding the oculomotor complex were studied by using the retrograde and anterograde capabilities of the horseradish peroxidase (HRP) technique in old and new world monkeys. Fluid HRP injections or transcannular solid polyacrylamide HRP gel implants were made into the oculomotor nucleus (OMN) and adjacent nuclei to label retrogradely corticofugal neurons that project to this region, and cortical HRP gel implants were made in various areas of the frontal lobe to label anterogradely the trajectories and terminations of cortico-paraoculomotor projections and thus to confirm the retrograde findings. Projections to the paraoculomotor cell groups in the medial dien-mesencephalic tegmentum originate almost exclusively from the frontal lobe. Both retrograde and anterograde studies confirmed that the prearcuate cortex in the concavity of the arcuate sulcus, including the frontal eye field, and, to a lesser extent, suprarcuate rostral dorsal area 6 cortex and the dorsomedial convexity (area 9), project to the rostral interstitial nucleus of the medial longitudinal fasciculus (riMLF) in the dorsal region of the prerubral field, nucleus of Darkschewitsch (ND), medial accessory nucleus of Bechterew (NB) and dorsomedial parvocellular red nucleus (dmPRN). The premotor area 6 and motor area 4 cortex, on the other hand, give rise to projections that target a larger portion of the parvocellular red nucleus, extending rostrally into the ventral region of the prerubral field, and a rather intense projection to the ND. The interstitial nucleus of Cajal (IC) was distinguished more by its light, or lack of, projections from the frontal cortex. The inferior parietal lobule (IPL, area 7) which has certain common physiological properties with the frontal eye field (FEF area 8) related to the oculomotor system, lacked retrogradely labeled neurons in all cases where transcannular gel implants into the OMN eliminated the possibility of HRP uptake in the corpus callosum or other structures traversed in needle injections, suggesting that the IPL affects eye movement primarily through its rostrally directed corticocortical associational connections with the FEF. In additional cases, the ND-NB-dmPRN configuration of cells that receives FEF input is shown to project to the inferior olivary complex (i.e., is pre-olivo-cerebellar), whereas riMLF and IC give rise to descending projections in the MLF, which target extraocular muscle motor nuclei, vestibular complex, and spinal cord. The results are discussed in terms of the potential role of the cerebral cortex in eye movement mechanisms.
利用辣根过氧化物酶（HRP）技术的逆行和顺行能力，在新旧大陆猴中研究了向动眼神经复合体周围细胞群的皮质投射。将液体HRP注射或经套管的固体聚丙烯酰胺HRP凝胶植入物注入动眼神经核（OMN）和相邻核，以逆行标记投射到该区域的皮质离心神经元，并且在额叶的各个区域制作皮质HRP凝胶植入物，以顺行标记皮质-动眼旁投射的轨迹和终末，从而证实逆行研究结果。向中脑间脑被盖内侧的动眼旁细胞群的投射几乎完全起源于额叶。逆行和顺行研究均证实，弓形沟凹陷处的弓状前皮质，包括额叶眼区，以及在较小程度上，弓形沟上方的嘴侧背侧6区皮质和背内侧凸面（9区），投射到红核前区背侧区域的内侧纵束间质核（riMLF）、达克谢维奇核（ND）、贝切特雷夫内侧副核（NB）和背内侧小细胞红核（dmPRN）。另一方面，运动前区6和运动区4皮质产生的投射靶向小细胞红核的更大一部分，向前延伸至红核前区的腹侧区域，并向ND发出相当密集的投射。 Cajal间质核（IC）在很大程度上是因其来自额叶皮质的投射较少或缺乏投射而被区分出来。顶下小叶（IPL，7区）与动眼神经系统相关的额叶眼区（FEF，8区）具有某些共同的生理特性，在所有经套管凝胶植入OMN消除了HRP在胼胝体或针注射所穿过的其他结构中摄取可能性的情况下，均未发现逆行标记的神经元，这表明IPL主要通过其与FEF的向前定向的皮质-皮质联合连接来影响眼球运动。在其他情况下，接受FEF输入的细胞的ND-NB-dmPRN构型显示投射到下橄榄复合体（即，是橄榄小脑前的），而riMLF和IC在MLF中产生下行投射，其靶向眼外肌运动核、前庭复合体和脊髓。根据大脑皮质在眼球运动机制中的潜在作用对结果进行了讨论。
