Ghoneim M M, Mewaldt S P, Hinrichs J V
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1984 Aug;21(2):231-6. doi: 10.1016/0091-3057(84)90220-x.
The behavioral effects of oral versus intravenous administration of diazepam were studied in 50 volunteers using a battery of memory, cognitive, mood and psychomotor tests repeated over a 4.5 hr period. Subjects received diazepam 0.2 mg/kg or placebo as capsules, commercial tablets or intravenous solution in a randomized double blind manner. While a quick onset of effects occurred with intravenous administration followed by the capsule and tablet oral administrations in that order, the recovery rate was similar for the 3 methods of administration. Contrary to many claims in the literature the effects of oral administration were substantial. Behavioral impairment was directly related to the magnitude of the memory component of the task. On many of the tasks the pattern of diazepam impairment was one of delayed improvement of performance, a pattern which would only be apparent with repeated testing. Subjects who received diazepam showed a paradoxical enhancement of recall for material learned before the drug.
在50名志愿者中，通过一系列在4.5小时内重复进行的记忆、认知、情绪和精神运动测试，研究了口服与静脉注射地西泮的行为效应。受试者以随机双盲方式接受0.2mg/kg地西泮或安慰剂，剂型为胶囊、市售片剂或静脉注射液。虽然静脉注射后效应迅速出现，随后依次是胶囊和片剂口服给药，但三种给药方法的恢复率相似。与文献中的许多说法相反，口服给药的效果显著。行为损害与任务记忆成分的程度直接相关。在许多任务中，地西泮损害的模式是表现延迟改善，这种模式只有通过重复测试才会显现出来。接受地西泮的受试者对药物服用前所学材料的回忆出现了反常增强。
