Unrug-Neervoort A, van Luijtelaar G, Coenen A
Department of Psychology, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Neuropsychobiology. 1992;26(3):146-50. doi: 10.1159/000118910.
Effects of a single dose of the anxiolytic buspirone (15 mg) on memory and psychomotor performance were studied in healthy volunteers and compared to those of the classic benzodiazepine anxiolytic diazepam (15 mg). The study was performed in a double-blind, placebo-controlled way. Three groups of 12 subjects were exposed to an extended test battery before and after intake of drug or placebo. Next to this, an evaluation session took place 1 week later. Immediately after intake, diazepam exerted major effects on memory, impaired psychomotor performance and decreased alertness. In particular, long-term memory had deteriorated, which was interpreted as anterograde amnesia. One week later, more items were recalled from the predrug session compared to the number of items from the postdrug session; this was interpreted as retrograde facilitation. After intake of buspirone, there were no effects of alertness and vigilance, on psychomotor performance and on memory. One week later, a small memory decrement was noticed for verbal material, which was considered as a sign of anterograde amnesia. These results indicate that effects of anxiolytics on memory can be more easily demonstrated 1 week later than immediately after drug intake and, furthermore, that the disruptive effects of diazepam outweight the small effects of buspirone. Finally, it was established that the effects of diazepam on cognition might be mediated by its effects on alertness and vigilance and that cognitive effects are not related to the anxiolytic properties of the drug.
在健康志愿者中研究了单剂量抗焦虑药丁螺环酮（15毫克）对记忆和精神运动表现的影响，并与经典苯二氮䓬类抗焦虑药地西泮（15毫克）的影响进行了比较。该研究采用双盲、安慰剂对照的方式进行。三组，每组12名受试者，在服用药物或安慰剂前后接受了一系列广泛的测试。除此之外，在1周后进行了一次评估。服药后，地西泮立即对记忆产生重大影响，损害精神运动表现并降低警觉性。特别是，长期记忆恶化，这被解释为顺行性遗忘。1周后，与服药后阶段相比，从服药前阶段回忆起的项目更多；这被解释为逆行促进。服用丁螺环酮后，对警觉性、精神运动表现和记忆没有影响。1周后，发现言语材料的记忆略有下降，这被认为是顺行性遗忘的迹象。这些结果表明，抗焦虑药对记忆的影响在服药1周后比服药后立即更容易显现，此外，地西泮的破坏作用超过丁螺环酮的微小作用。最后，确定地西泮对认知的影响可能是由其对警觉性和精神运动表现的影响介导的，并且认知影响与药物的抗焦虑特性无关。
