Negendank W
Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR. 1984;16(1):3-20.
The equilibrium water contents and distributions of Na, K, Cl, Mg, Ca, and inorganic phosphate were studied under a variety of conditions that included 0 degrees C., low external K, ouabain and ATP-depletion. Net exclusion of Na was fully inhibited as manifested by a gain of cellular Na to a level greater than or equal to that in the environment. In none of these conditions did the cells swell in a manner expected in the classical pump-leak, double-Donnan concept of volume maintenance. Moreover, Na, K, Cl, and Mg fail to follow consistently a Donnan equilibrium in cells no longer able to exclude ions. Postulated volume-regulating mechanisms other than outwardly directed Na pumps, such as hydrostatic pressure, a Cl pump, altered charge or osmotic coefficient of proteins, and shrunken and swollen compartments did not explain the results. Therefore, we evaluated the data from the standpoint of a theory of cellular physiology in which cellular ions are adsorbed onto macromolecules. From these concepts and the data presented, a new theory of the maintenance and regulation of cellular volume, in which macromolecular salt-linkages provide a cohesive force, is discussed.
在包括0℃、低细胞外钾、哇巴因和ATP耗竭等多种条件下，研究了钠、钾、氯、镁、钙和无机磷酸盐的平衡含水量及分布情况。钠的净排出被完全抑制，表现为细胞内钠含量增加到大于或等于环境中的水平。在这些条件下，细胞均未以经典的泵 - 漏、双唐南体积维持概念所预期的方式肿胀。此外，在不再能够排出离子的细胞中，钠、钾、氯和镁并不始终遵循唐南平衡。除向外的钠泵之外的假定的体积调节机制，如静水压力、氯泵、蛋白质电荷或渗透系数的改变以及收缩和肿胀的区室，均无法解释这些结果。因此，我们从细胞生理学理论的角度评估了这些数据，该理论认为细胞离子吸附在大分子上。基于这些概念和所呈现的数据，讨论了一种新的细胞体积维持和调节理论，其中大分子盐键提供了内聚力。
