Worden J W, Weisman A D
Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 1984 Oct;6(4):243-9. doi: 10.1016/0163-8343(84)90016-1.
To study the effectiveness of preventive intervention in lowering emotional distress and improving coping, 381 newly diagnosed cancer patients were assessed shortly after the time of initial diagnosis. Subjects predicted by a screening instrument to be at risk for high levels of emotional distress and poor coping during the second through sixth months of their illness were randomly allocated to one of two short-term intervention programs (N = 59). Specific techniques to lower distress and improve coping were given during the four weeks following diagnosis. A control group (N = 58) received no intervention. All were followed at two-month to 6-month intervals by interview and testing. There was a significant lowering of emotional distress in the intervention group as compared to the control group (p less than 0.05). There was also a significant increase in the level of problem resolution in the intervention groups (p less than 0.01), although the numbers of problems experienced by both groups were no different.
为研究预防性干预在减轻情绪困扰和改善应对能力方面的效果，381名新诊断的癌症患者在初次诊断后不久接受了评估。通过筛查工具预测在疾病第二至六个月期间有情绪高度困扰和应对能力差风险的受试者被随机分配到两个短期干预项目之一（N = 59）。在诊断后的四周内给予了减轻困扰和改善应对能力的具体技巧。一个对照组（N = 58）未接受干预。所有受试者均通过访谈和测试每两个月至六个月随访一次。与对照组相比，干预组的情绪困扰显著降低（p < 0.05）。干预组的问题解决水平也显著提高（p < 0.01），尽管两组经历的问题数量并无差异。
