Castillon G, Weissenburger J, Rouffet M, Castillon V, Barrat J
J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod (Paris). 1984;13(5):499-505.
The purpose of this study is to monitor the haemodynamic changes that occur in pregnancy using ultrasound. Although all previous studies do demonstrate an increase in frequency and the volume of the cardiac output, the results seem to be different as far as variations in volume during systole occur and the mechanisms by which they occur. These differences can be explained by problems associated with the different methods used. Our study was carried out on ten pregnant women who were examined in each trimester (TM1, TM2, TM3) and post-partum (TM4). The results confirm that cardiac frequency rises (TM3 92 +/- 5 VS TM4 73 +/- 3 cpm p less than 0,01) and cardiac output does (TM3 7,2 +/- 0,6 VS TM4 4,8 +/- 0,3 Umm p less than 0,01). The volume in systolic ejection (VES) rises throughout pregnancy when the patient is lying on her left side (TM3 81 +/- 4 VS TM4 69 +/- 2 ml p less than 0,01). The rise in VES could be put down to an increase to the veinous return which itself is reflected by the left auricle (TM3 33,7 +/- 1,1 mm VS TM4 29,9 +/- 0,7 mm p less than 0,05) and in the left ventricle (TM3 48,7 +/- 0,6 VS TM4 46,3 +/- 0,3 mm p less than 0,01) and the sudden drop in the total peripheral resistance (TM1 950 +/- 50 VS TM4 1 335 +/- 95 dynes/sec. X cm-5 p less than 0,01). It does not seem as though there is any change in myocardial contractility.
本研究的目的是利用超声监测孕期发生的血流动力学变化。尽管之前所有研究均表明心输出量的频率和体积有所增加，但就收缩期体积变化及其发生机制而言，结果似乎有所不同。这些差异可以用所采用的不同方法相关的问题来解释。我们的研究对10名孕妇进行，在每个孕期（孕早期、孕中期、孕晚期）及产后进行检查。结果证实心率上升（孕晚期92±5次/分钟 vs 产后73±3次/分钟，p<0.01），心输出量也上升（孕晚期7.2±0.6升/分钟 vs 产后4.8±0.3升/分钟，p<0.01）。当患者左侧卧位时，整个孕期的收缩期射血容积（VES）上升（孕晚期81±4毫升 vs 产后69±2毫升，p<0.01）。VES的上升可归因于静脉回流增加，这本身反映在左心房（孕晚期33.7±1.1毫米 vs 产后29.9±0.7毫米，p<0.05）和左心室（孕晚期48.7±0.6毫米 vs 产后46.3±0.3毫米，p<0.01），以及总外周阻力的突然下降（孕早期950±50达因/秒·厘米⁻⁵ vs 产后1335±95达因/秒·厘米⁻⁵，p<0.01）。心肌收缩力似乎没有任何变化。
