Barta J R, Desser S S
J Wildl Dis. 1984 Jul;20(3):180-9. doi: 10.7589/0090-3558-20.3.180.
During a 5 wk period beginning May 25, 1983, 329 amphibians, which included specimens of Rana catesbeiana Shaw, Rana clamitans Latreille, Rana septentrionalis Baird, Rana sylvatica LeConte, Hyla crucifer Wied, Bufo americanus Holbrook, and Plethodon cinereus Green, from Lake Sasajewun, Algonquin Park, Ontario, Canada were examined for blood parasites. The prevalences of species of Trypanosoma, Haemogregarina, Lankesterella, Babesiasoma, and Thrombocytozoons in these amphibians were determined. Two species of microfilaria (probably Foleyella spp.) and two intraerythrocytic forms, inclusions of an icosahedral cytoplasmic DNA virus (ICDV) and groups of rickettsial organisms, were also observed. The following are new host records: Trypanosoma ranarum (Lankester, 1871) in B. americanus; Trypanosoma ranarum (Lankester, 1871) in R. sylvatica; Trypanosoma pipientis Diamond, 1950, Babesiasoma stableri Schmittner and McGhee, 1961 and Thrombocytozoons ranarum Tchacarof, 1963 in R. septentrionalis. The aquatic frogs generally showed a much higher prevalence of infection with blood parasites than the terrestrial frogs, toads and salamanders, which is suggestive of an aquatic vector. The leech Batracobdella picta Verrill, 1872, which was found on many of the aquatic frogs, is the most likely vector in the study area. Also, an increasing prevalence of parasites was noted with increasing sizes (ages) of Rana clamitans and R. catesbeiana suggesting that longer exposure to water makes these species more likely to acquire blood parasites. The presence of Trypanosoma ranarum in B. americanus appeared to coincide with their attainment of sexual maturity.
在1983年5月25日开始的为期5周的时间段内，对来自加拿大安大略省阿尔冈昆公园萨萨朱温湖的329只两栖动物进行了血液寄生虫检查，这些两栖动物包括牛蛙（Rana catesbeiana Shaw）、绿蛙（Rana clamitans Latreille）、北美林蛙（Rana septentrionalis Baird）、美洲林蛙（Rana sylvatica LeConte）、雨蛙（Hyla crucifer Wied）、美洲蟾蜍（Bufo americanus Holbrook）和灰口螈（Plethodon cinereus Green）。测定了这些两栖动物中锥虫属、血簇虫属、兰氏鞭毛虫属、巴贝斯虫属和血小板虫属物种的感染率。还观察到两种微丝蚴（可能是福氏丝虫属）、两种红细胞内形态、一种二十面体细胞质DNA病毒（ICDV）的包涵体以及立克次氏体生物群。以下是新的宿主记录：美洲蟾蜍中的蛙锥虫（Trypanosoma ranarum，Lankester，1871）；美洲林蛙中的蛙锥虫（Trypanosoma ranarum，Lankester，1871）；北美林蛙中的皮氏锥虫（Trypanosoma pipientis，Diamond，1950）、施氏巴贝斯虫（Babesiasoma stableri，Schmittner and McGhee，1961）和蛙血小板虫（Thrombocytozoons ranarum，Tchacarof，1963）。水栖蛙类血液寄生虫的感染率通常比陆栖蛙类、蟾蜍和蝾螈高得多，这表明存在水生传播媒介。在许多水栖蛙类身上发现的1872年的绘彩水蛭（Batracobdella picta Verrill）是研究区域最可能的传播媒介。此外，随着绿蛙和牛蛙体型（年龄）的增加，寄生虫感染率也在上升，这表明在水中暴露时间越长，这些物种感染血液寄生虫的可能性就越大。美洲蟾蜍中蛙锥虫的出现似乎与它们达到性成熟的时间一致。
