Blom J Y, Madsen E B, Krogh H V, Wolstrup J
Nord Vet Med. 1984 Jul-Aug;36(7-8):215-20.
Counts of airborne bacteria colony forming particles (BCFP) and fungi were made at intervals throughout one year in three calf houses using a six stage Andersen Sampler. House 1 was insulated, mechanically ventilated and heated, House 2 was insulated and provided with a controlled natural ventilation system, while House 3 was uninsulated with natural ventilation. Each house contained 36 bought-in bull calves. Every six weeks the 12 oldest calves were removed and replaced by 12 four-week-old calves. The mean count of BCFP was highest in House 2 (101.6 X 10(3) m-3) and lower in House 3 (67.6 X 10(3) m-3). The mean count of aerial fungi was significantly lower in House 3 (40.5 X 10(3) m-3) than in Houses 1 and 2 (119.3 X 10(3) m-3 and 127.1 X 10(3) m-3, respectively). The count of aerial BCFP and fungi showed large seasonal fluctuations, but there was a general trend towards lower counts during the winter period. The mean incidence rate of respiratory disease among the experimental calves was 67.7%. The highest mean incidence rate was recorded in House 2, but differences between houses were not significant. The results are discussed in relation to the environmental requirements for raising of calves, and in the light of the current concept of air hygiene as a major predisposing factor in the web of causation of calf respiratory disease.
使用六级安德森采样器，在一年的时间里，定期对三个犊牛舍中的空气传播细菌菌落形成颗粒（BCFP）和真菌进行计数。1号犊牛舍有隔热层，采用机械通风和供暖；2号犊牛舍有隔热层，并配备了可控自然通风系统；而3号犊牛舍没有隔热层，采用自然通风。每个犊牛舍饲养36头购入的公牛犊。每六周将12头最老的犊牛移出，并用12头四周龄的犊牛替换。BCFP的平均计数在2号犊牛舍最高（101.6×10³ m⁻³），在3号犊牛舍较低（67.6×10³ m⁻³）。3号犊牛舍空气中真菌的平均计数（40.5×10³ m⁻³）显著低于1号和2号犊牛舍（分别为119.3×10³ m⁻³和127.1×10³ m⁻³）。空气中BCFP和真菌的计数呈现出较大的季节性波动，但在冬季期间总体上有计数较低的趋势。实验犊牛中呼吸道疾病的平均发病率为67.7%。2号犊牛舍记录的平均发病率最高，但各犊牛舍之间的差异不显著。结合犊牛饲养的环境要求，以及根据空气卫生作为犊牛呼吸道疾病病因网络中的主要诱发因素的当前概念，对结果进行了讨论。
