Wyndham C H
S Afr Med J. 1984 Nov 10;66(19):717-8.
The mortality rates (MRs) of children under 5 years of age in the various population groups of the RSA were calculated as deaths/10(5) for various causes of death and groupings of causes of death as classified by the International Classification of Diseases. In 1970 the ten leading causes of death among Coloured and Black children under 5 years of age in the RSA were similar to those among children in developing countries. The rank order of causes of death (in MRs/10(5] among Coloured children was as follows: gastro-enteritis (1 733), pneumonia (725), immaturity (405), ill-defined causes of death (168), nutritional deficiencies (167), measles (126), anoxia (97), 'other bacterial diseases' (91), inflammatory diseases of the nervous system (55) and tuberculosis (48). The ten leading causes of death among White children in the RSA were characteristic of children in Western developed countries. The rank order (in MRs/10(5] was as follows: immaturity (144), anoxia (94), pneumonia (46), gastro-enteritis (41), congenital heart disease (32), other accidents (19), birth injury (19), ill-defined causes of death (12) and inflammatory diseases of the nervous system (11).
按照《国际疾病分类》对各种死因及死因分组的分类方法，计算了南非不同人群中5岁以下儿童的死亡率（MRs），以每10万人中的死亡人数来表示。1970年，南非有色人种和黑人5岁以下儿童的十大主要死因与发展中国家儿童的类似。有色人种儿童的死因死亡率（每10万人中的死亡人数）排名如下：肠胃炎（1733）、肺炎（725）、早产（405）、死因不明（168）、营养缺乏（167）、麻疹（126）、缺氧（97）、“其他细菌性疾病”（91）、神经系统炎症性疾病（55）和结核病（48）。南非白人儿童的十大主要死因具有西方发达国家儿童的特征。排名（每10万人中的死亡人数）如下：早产（144）、缺氧（94）、肺炎（46）、肠胃炎（41）、先天性心脏病（32）、其他事故（19）、出生损伤（19）、死因不明（12）和神经系统炎症性疾病（11）。
