Anderson W P, Harrison D T
Clin Exp Hypertens A. 1984;6(8):1469-84. doi: 10.3109/10641968409044063.
Adrenaline was infused intravenously into conscious dogs to test whether chronically elevated plasma levels can produce arterial hypertension. Adrenaline infused at 12.5 micrograms/kg/hr from 4 days produced no change in mean arterial pressure (1.1 +/- 2.7 mmHg) despite raising plasma adrenaline concentrations from 49 +/- 20 pg/ml to 1420 +/- 279 pg/ml. Myocardial tissue levels of adrenaline averaged 435 ng/g, compared to 20 ng/g in vehicle infused dogs. Longer infusions of adrenaline (11 days) at doses from 1.25 micrograms/kg/hr to 12.5 micrograms/kg/hr were also without significant effect on arterial blood pressure. In contrast, infusion of noradrenaline at 6.25 micrograms/kg/hr for 11 days produced sustained elevation of mean arterial pressure (11.7 +/- 5.1 mmHg). Although adrenaline infusion alone did not alter arterial pressure, a small rise (5.6 +/- 1.6 mmHg) was measured when the dogs were also given cortisone (50 mg twice daily). These results are therefore not in accord with the hypothesis that increased plasma levels of adrenaline may cause hypertension by activation of pre-junctional beta-adrenoceptors. However simultaneous administration of adrenaline and cortisone did elevate blood pressure, indicating that increases in both adrenal cortical and medullary hormones may be required to produce hypertension.
将肾上腺素静脉注射到清醒的狗体内，以测试血浆水平长期升高是否会导致动脉高血压。从第4天开始以12.5微克/千克/小时的速度输注肾上腺素，尽管血浆肾上腺素浓度从49±20皮克/毫升升至1420±279皮克/毫升，但平均动脉压没有变化（1.1±2.7毫米汞柱）。与输注赋形剂的狗相比，心肌组织中的肾上腺素水平平均为435纳克/克，而后者为20纳克/克。以1.25微克/千克/小时至12.5微克/千克/小时的剂量更长时间输注肾上腺素（11天），对动脉血压也没有显著影响。相比之下，以6.25微克/千克/小时的速度输注去甲肾上腺素11天，会使平均动脉压持续升高（11.7±5.1毫米汞柱）。虽然单独输注肾上腺素不会改变动脉压，但当给狗同时注射可的松（每日两次，每次50毫克）时，可测量到血压有小幅升高（5.6±1.6毫米汞柱）。因此，这些结果不符合血浆肾上腺素水平升高可能通过激活节前β-肾上腺素能受体导致高血压的假说。然而，同时给予肾上腺素和可的松确实会升高血压，这表明可能需要肾上腺皮质和髓质激素水平都升高才能产生高血压。
