Campbell S S, Tobler I
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 1984 Fall;8(3):269-300. doi: 10.1016/0149-7634(84)90054-x.
Sleep duration and placement within the twenty-four hour day have been primary indices utilized in the examination of sleep function. It is of value, therefore, to evaluate these variables in a wide range of animal species. The present paper examines the literature concerning sleep duration in over 150 animal species, including invertebrates, fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and 14 orders of mammals. We first present annotations of almost 200 studies, including number of animals used, photoperiod employed, sleep duration per twenty-four hours and placement of sleep period within the nychthemeron. Both behavioral and electrographic studies are reviewed, as are laboratory and field studies. These data are subsequently presented in a table with representative literature citations for each species. Following the table, a brief discussion is presented concerning some methodological issues which may affect the measurement of sleep duration and some suggestions are made for future examination of sleep duration.
睡眠时长以及在二十四小时一天中的睡眠时段安排，一直是用于检验睡眠功能的主要指标。因此，在广泛的动物物种中评估这些变量具有重要意义。本文研究了有关150多种动物物种睡眠时长的文献，包括无脊椎动物、鱼类、两栖动物、爬行动物、鸟类以及14个哺乳动物目。我们首先呈现近200项研究的注释，包括所用动物数量、采用的光周期、每二十四小时的睡眠时长以及睡眠时段在一昼夜中的安排。行为学和脑电图研究均有综述，实验室研究和野外研究也不例外。这些数据随后以表格形式呈现，并为每个物种列出代表性的文献引用。在表格之后，针对一些可能影响睡眠时长测量的方法学问题进行了简要讨论，并对未来睡眠时长的研究提出了一些建议。
