Castejón O J
Pathol Res Pract. 1984 Sep;179(1):7-12. doi: 10.1016/S0344-0338(84)80054-0.
The formation of incomplete transendothelial channels is reported in four cases of traumatic human brain injury complicated with subdural or epidural hematoma or hygroma. Such structures were observed coexisting with increased transendothelial vacuolar and vesicular transport. They appeared in the following manners: as electron lucent corridors formed by deep invaginations of luminal endothelial plasma membranes, as chained spheroidal or elongated vacuoles connected with the luminal and abluminal endothelial membranes, as a result of a combined process of membrane fusion and fission, as a large protein containing vacuole or a micropinocytotic vesicle occupying the entire width of peripheral endothelial cytoplasm, as abluminal profiles of dilated basement membrane expansions, extending their course to the vicinity of endothelial luminal plasma membrane. The endothelial junctions appeared intact in most cases. The transendothelial channels apparently represent a transcytosis response to the traumatic brain injury. They may provide specific cytoplasmic corridors of facilitated transport for edema formation, which incorporate the intraluminal capillary content, ferry it across the peripheral zone of endothelial cytoplasm and empty it at the abluminal surface, into the surrounding basement membrane, from where it floods the intercellular spaces of neighbouring neuropile. The albuminal transendothelial channels, formed by the dilated basement membrane bifurcations, might be a reverse shuttle for endogeneous substances moving from parenchymal clefts to blood as a capillary mechanism of edema resolution.
据报道，在4例合并硬膜下或硬膜外血肿或积液的创伤性脑损伤患者中发现了不完全跨内皮通道的形成。观察到这些结构与跨内皮空泡和囊泡运输增加同时存在。它们以以下方式出现：作为由管腔内内皮细胞质膜深度内陷形成的电子透明通道，作为与管腔和管腔外内皮膜相连的链状球形或细长空泡，这是膜融合和裂变的联合过程的结果，作为占据外周内皮细胞质整个宽度的含大蛋白质的空泡或微胞饮泡，作为扩张的基底膜延伸的管腔外轮廓，延伸至内皮管腔细胞质膜附近。在大多数情况下，内皮连接似乎是完整的。跨内皮通道显然代表了对创伤性脑损伤的转胞吞反应。它们可能为水肿形成提供促进运输的特定细胞质通道，其中包含管腔内毛细血管内容物，将其运送穿过内皮细胞质的外周区域并在管腔外表面排空，进入周围的基底膜，从那里它淹没相邻神经毡的细胞间隙。由扩张的基底膜分支形成的管腔外跨内皮通道可能是内源性物质从实质裂隙向血液移动的反向穿梭，作为水肿消退的一种毛细血管机制。
