新墨西哥州一家智障人士机构居民中乙肝感染率较低。
Low prevalence of hepatitis B infections among residents of an institution for the mentally retarded in New Mexico.
作者信息
Mann J M, Babb C J, Hull H F, Ball F D, Brown G W, Steece R S
出版信息
West J Med. 1984 Sep;141(3):339-41.
Residential institutions for the mentally retarded are considered high-risk settings for hepatitis B (HB) infection. Accordingly, HB vaccine is recommended for susceptible clients and selected staff of such facilities. However, a serologic screening program among 364 residents of Los Lunas Hospital and Training School (LLHTS) in New Mexico found only 11 residents to be anti-HBc positive (3%) and only one of these residents was also HBsAg-positive (0.3%). The unexpectedly low prevalence of HB infections at LLHTS probably reflects infrequent HB introductions into the institution. Using these serologic data, a vaccination program was instituted to prevent HB infection among LLHTS residents, thereby eliminating the need for mass screening and HB vaccination of LLHTS employees. Serologic screening among residents of other smaller institutions for the mentally retarded is recommended before design of HB prevention programs for clients and staff.
智障人士寄宿机构被视为乙型肝炎（HB）感染的高风险场所。因此，建议对此类机构的易感客户和部分工作人员接种HB疫苗。然而，对新墨西哥州洛斯卢纳斯医院及培训学校（LLHTS）的364名居民进行的血清学筛查项目发现，只有11名居民抗-HBc呈阳性（3%），其中只有一名居民HBsAg也呈阳性（0.3%）。LLHTS的HB感染率意外较低，这可能反映出该机构很少有HB传入。利用这些血清学数据，制定了一项疫苗接种计划，以预防LLHTS居民感染HB，从而不再需要对LLHTS员工进行大规模筛查和接种HB疫苗。建议在为其他较小的智障人士机构的客户和工作人员设计HB预防计划之前，先对这些机构的居民进行血清学筛查。
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