Sopko G, Jacobs D R, Taylor H L
Am J Epidemiol. 1984 Dec;120(6):900-11. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113961.
The relationships between cardiovascular fitness, body fatness, and the number of calories required to maintain stable body weight over a baseline period of three weeks were studied in 21 healthy obese males aged 20-44 years who participated in a controlled feeding experiment at the Division of Epidemiology (formerly the Laboratory of Physiological Hygiene) of the School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, in August 1980-June 1981. statistically significant relationships were found between the number of calories actually consumed per kg of body weight (kcal/kg) and body fatness (r = -0.79, p = 0.001), and number of calories consumer per kg of body weight and physical work capacity (VO2 max) (r = 0.76, p = 0.001). Using body fatness quartiles, the caloric intake per kg of body weight and VO2 max decreased progressively as body fatness increased through its four quartiles. These relationships were also seen when reported caloric intake from a three-day food record was used; however, the magnitude was attenuated. On the other hand, caloric intake unadjusted for body weight, whether actual or reported, was unrelated to both body fatness and VO2 max. To determine whether these relationships hold true for less obese subjects, the authors have also analyzed and compared their results with the data from previously reported feeding experiments done at the University of Minnesota. Correlations between body fat indices and actual caloric intake were similar for both studies. Therefore, the authors conclude that in these relatively young, healthy, and sedentary males with a wide range of body fatness and body weight, the observed relationships between caloric intake adjusted for body weight, body fatness and VO2 max reflect habitual physical activity. These data confirm epidemiologic observations of an inverse relationship between caloric intake per kg of body weight and body fatness, and provide a rationale for using caloric intake adjusted for body weight as a measure of long-term habitual physical activity. Thus, these data bolster the interpretation that an inverse relationship between caloric intake per kg of body weight and mortality reflects a positive health effect of long-term physical activity. This index may be particularly useful in large population studies.
1980年8月至1981年6月期间，在明尼苏达大学公共卫生学院流行病学系（原生理卫生实验室），对21名年龄在20至44岁之间的健康肥胖男性进行了一项对照喂养实验，研究了心血管适能、体脂与维持三周基线期稳定体重所需卡路里数量之间的关系。发现每千克体重实际摄入的卡路里数量（千卡/千克）与体脂之间存在显著统计学关系（r = -0.79，p = 0.001），以及每千克体重摄入的卡路里数量与体力工作能力（最大摄氧量）之间存在显著统计学关系（r = 0.76，p = 0.001）。使用体脂四分位数，随着体脂通过其四分之一区间增加，每千克体重的热量摄入和最大摄氧量逐渐降低。当使用三天食物记录报告的热量摄入时，也观察到了这些关系；然而，幅度有所减弱。另一方面，未根据体重调整的热量摄入，无论是实际摄入还是报告摄入，均与体脂和最大摄氧量无关。为了确定这些关系是否适用于肥胖程度较低的受试者，作者还分析并将他们的结果与明尼苏达大学先前报告的喂养实验数据进行了比较。两项研究中体脂指数与实际热量摄入之间的相关性相似。因此，作者得出结论，在这些年龄相对年轻、健康且久坐不动、体脂和体重范围广泛的男性中，观察到的根据体重调整的热量摄入、体脂和最大摄氧量之间的关系反映了习惯性身体活动。这些数据证实了每千克体重热量摄入与体脂之间呈负相关的流行病学观察结果，并为使用根据体重调整的热量摄入作为长期习惯性身体活动的衡量标准提供了理论依据。因此，这些数据支持了每千克体重热量摄入与死亡率之间的负相关反映了长期身体活动对健康的积极影响这一解释。该指标在大型人群研究中可能特别有用。
