Caskey N H, Barker C, Elliott R
Br J Clin Psychol. 1984 Nov;23 ( Pt 4):281-90. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8260.1984.tb01302.x.
This study compares clients' and therapists' perceptions of individual therapist responses. Three segments of four responses each were sampled from early, middle, and late in actual therapy sessions with 16 client-therapist pairs. Using interpersonal process recall, both therapists and clients independently described their perceptions of the therapist's response intentions in their own session. They also rated the impact of therapist responses according to four variables, including response helpfulness and therapist empathy. Client-therapist agreements on intentions and impacts were computed using indices of both covariation and mean difference. Clients' and therapists' response-by-response reports of therapist intention were positively associated, but their average ratings for the session were not. On the other hand, their response-by-response ratings of impact were not associated, but their average ratings of helpfulness and affective impact were. Correlates of agreement were also studied. Contrary to expectations, length of therapeutic relationship was not correlated with client-therapist agreement: in fact, there was a trend toward lower agreement for client-therapist pairs of longer duration. Therapist experience also did not predict client-therapist agreement.
本研究比较了来访者和治疗师对治疗师个体回应的看法。从16对来访者-治疗师的实际治疗会话的早期、中期和后期中，抽取了四段回应，每段包含三个部分。运用人际过程回忆法，治疗师和来访者分别独立描述他们对自己治疗会话中治疗师回应意图的看法。他们还根据四个变量对治疗师回应的影响进行评分，包括回应的帮助程度和治疗师的同理心。使用协变指数和平均差异指数计算来访者-治疗师在意图和影响方面的一致性。来访者和治疗师对治疗师意图的逐回应报告呈正相关，但他们对整个会话的平均评分却并非如此。另一方面，他们对影响的逐回应评分不相关，但他们对帮助程度和情感影响的平均评分相关。还研究了一致性的相关因素。与预期相反，治疗关系的时长与来访者-治疗师的一致性无关：事实上，治疗关系持续时间较长的来访者-治疗师对之间的一致性有降低的趋势。治疗师的经验也不能预测来访者-治疗师的一致性。
