Blackburn G L
Postgrad Med J. 1984;60 Suppl 3:59-65.
The goal of the dietary treatment of obesity is to reduce the patient's weight with minimum risk. This is accomplished by a dietary regimen which allows a preferential loss of body fat with a preservation of lean body mass. Total fasting leads to a loss of 150 grams of nitrogen in the first month alone. In a study by Hoffer et al. reported below, two levels of dietary protein were compared for their effects on nitrogen balance in 17 obese women on a low calorie (500 cal) weight reduction diet. After three weeks of adaptation to the diets, the group given 0.8 grams protein/kg were in -2 grams nitrogen balance while the group given 1.5 grams protein/kg were at zero nitrogen balance. It was concluded that protein intakes at the level of the recommended dietary allowance (0.8 g/kg) are not compatible with nitrogen equilibrium when the energy intake is severely restricted. While weight loss is the obvious goal for obese persons, a careful examination of the composition of the weight loss (protein, fat, water) is essential in defining the optimal dietary regimen.
肥胖症饮食治疗的目标是以最小的风险减轻患者体重。这是通过一种饮食方案来实现的，该方案能优先减少体脂，同时保留瘦体重。仅在第一个月，完全禁食就会导致150克氮的流失。在下面报道的霍弗等人的一项研究中，比较了两种蛋白质饮食水平对17名肥胖女性低热量（500卡路里）减肥饮食中氮平衡的影响。在适应饮食三周后，摄入0.8克蛋白质/千克的组氮平衡为 -2克，而摄入1.5克蛋白质/千克的组氮平衡为零。得出的结论是，当能量摄入受到严格限制时，推荐膳食摄入量（0.8克/千克）水平的蛋白质摄入量与氮平衡不相容。虽然减肥是肥胖者的明显目标，但仔细检查减肥的成分（蛋白质、脂肪、水）对于确定最佳饮食方案至关重要。
