Jaquish G A, Ripple R E
Int J Aging Hum Dev. 1984;20(1):1-11. doi: 10.2190/rnjj-nbd0-4a3k-0xpa.
Developmental aspects of ideational fluency, flexibility, and originality were assessed across five age groups (children, adolescents, young adults, adults, middle-aged adults) comparatively in two cultures (Chinese and American). A total of 316 Chinese participants ranging in age from nine to sixty years responded in writing (Cantonese) to presentation of four groups of acoustical stimuli. Responses were scored for fluency, flexibility, and originality of thought. Comparative American data were collected in a previous study. Significant age associated differences in fluency and flexibility were obtained for Chinese respondents. A cross-cultural MANOVA yielded significant main effects for culture; American scores were uniformly higher than Chinese. Developmental trends across age groups demonstrated cross-cultural similarity in the expression of originality.
在两种文化（中国和美国）中，对五个年龄组（儿童、青少年、青年、成年人、中年成年人）的观念流畅性、灵活性和创造性的发展方面进行了比较评估。共有316名年龄在9岁至60岁之间的中国参与者用书面形式（粤语）对四组声学刺激做出反应。对反应的流畅性、灵活性和思维创造性进行评分。美国的比较数据是在之前的一项研究中收集的。中国受访者在流畅性和灵活性方面获得了与年龄相关的显著差异。一项跨文化多变量方差分析得出了文化的显著主效应；美国的得分普遍高于中国。各年龄组的发展趋势表明，在创造性的表达上存在跨文化相似性。
