Howard J H, Cunningham D A, Rechnitzer P A
Can J Appl Sport Sci. 1984 Dec;9(4):194-200.
During the past 15 years a very large number of studies have shown that life events are a significant stressor with attendant physiological and psychological outcomes. Much of this research was summarized by Dohrenwend and Dohrenwend (1974). There is also considerable literature suggesting that physical activity may be an effective coping mechanism which can buffer the relationship between an environmental stressor and such psychological and physiological outcomes. This paper reports on the relationship of life change events and somatic complaints and the moderating effects of physical activity. The study was longitudinal involving 278 managers from 12 different corporations. All participants were men. Data have been collected at entry, two years later, and four years later. This provides two test periods in which the data are analysed. Analyses are by way of multiple regression and in both time periods the change data support the hypothesis that somatic complaints are significantly related to both life events and physical activity. The results also show that physical activity has a significant buffering effect on the relationship between life events and somatic complaints. These findings lend strong support to the hypothesis that physical activity can be a significant moderator of the effects of environmental stress.
在过去15年里，大量研究表明生活事件是一种重要的压力源，会带来相应的生理和心理结果。多赫伦温德和多赫伦温德（1974年）对这项研究的大部分内容进行了总结。也有大量文献表明，体育活动可能是一种有效的应对机制，能够缓冲环境压力源与这些心理和生理结果之间的关系。本文报告了生活变化事件与躯体主诉之间的关系以及体育活动的调节作用。该研究是纵向研究，涉及来自12家不同公司的278名经理。所有参与者均为男性。在入职时、两年后和四年后收集了数据。这提供了两个用于分析数据的测试期。通过多元回归进行分析，在两个时间段内，变化数据均支持躯体主诉与生活事件和体育活动均显著相关这一假设。结果还表明，体育活动对生活事件与躯体主诉之间的关系具有显著的缓冲作用。这些发现有力地支持了体育活动可能是环境压力影响的重要调节因素这一假设。
