Ali T E, Burnside E B, Schaeffer L R
J Dairy Sci. 1984 Dec;67(12):3034-44. doi: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(84)81669-0.
Thirteen body measurements per cow were collected from 1980 to 1981 on 3,193 Canadian Holstein-Friesian cows by 576 sires in 100 herds. These data were analyzed to test effects of herd, age of cow, stage of lactation, and generation group; to predict sire proofs; to estimate heritabilities and genetic and phenotypic correlations among body measures; and to estimate correlations between sire proofs for body measures and sire (maternal grandsire of calf) proofs for calving ease. Herd and age of cow were important sources of variation for all external body measures. Stage of lactation was an important source of variation for heart girth, and for slopes from hip to pin and from thurl to pin. Effects of generation group were not significant for any body measures. Heritabilities were moderate to high (.21 to .45). Genetic correlations among all height characteristics were large and positive (.68 to .99). Daughters that were large with wide pins, long sloping rumps, and little slope from thurl to pin bone seemed to be favored for easy calving.
1980年至1981年期间，对100个牛群中576头公牛的3193头加拿大荷斯坦 - 弗里生奶牛进行了每头牛13项体尺测量。对这些数据进行了分析，以检验牛群、奶牛年龄、泌乳阶段和世代组的影响；预测公牛的育种值；估计体尺之间的遗传力以及遗传和表型相关性；并估计体尺的公牛育种值与犊牛产犊难易度的公牛（犊牛的外祖父）育种值之间的相关性。牛群和奶牛年龄是所有外部体尺变异的重要来源。泌乳阶段是胸围、从臀部到荐结节以及从髋结节到荐结节斜率变异的重要来源。世代组对任何体尺的影响均不显著。遗传力为中等至高（0.21至0.45）。所有高度特征之间的遗传相关性大且为正（0.68至0.99）。荐结节宽、臀部倾斜长且从髋结节到荐结节骨斜率小的体型较大的母牛后代似乎在产犊时更具优势。
