Robin J S, Ellis P P
Surv Ophthalmol. 1978 Mar-Apr;22(5):335-40. doi: 10.1016/0039-6257(78)90178-9.
The use of ointments as an ocular drug vehicle adds an important dimension to topical therapy. Ointments are well tolerated, fairly safe, and provide an excellent means for enhanced ocular contact time. In the case of certain antibiotics, this improved contact time yields increased ocular drug levels. However, experimental data indicate that corticosteroid ointments do not penetrate into the eye as well as do suspension preparations. This may relate to the binding of the drug to the ointment base and also to the particular steroid compound. Like other ophthalmic preparations, ointments may become contaminated. Ophthalmic ointments should not be instilled into eyes with open wounds. Instillation of ointments into postoperative eyes where wound closure is secure appears to be safe and effective.
软膏作为眼部药物载体的应用为局部治疗增添了重要层面。软膏耐受性良好，相当安全，并为延长眼部接触时间提供了极佳手段。对于某些抗生素而言，这种延长的接触时间会使眼内药物水平升高。然而，实验数据表明，皮质类固醇软膏的眼部渗透效果不如混悬剂。这可能与药物和软膏基质的结合以及特定的类固醇化合物有关。与其他眼科制剂一样，软膏可能会被污染。眼部有开放性伤口时不应将软膏滴入眼内。在伤口闭合牢固的术后眼内滴入软膏似乎是安全有效的。
