Asahi H, Moribayashi A, Sendo F, Kobayakawa T
Infect Immun. 1984 Nov;46(2):514-8. doi: 10.1128/iai.46.2.514-518.1984.
Extracts of Schistosoma japonicum eggs were found to exhibit hemolytic activity on erythrocytes of various species. The hemolytic reaction took place more rapidly at 37 degrees C than at 4 degrees C and did not require divalent cations. The degree of hemolysis was dependent on the concentration of the egg extracts. The hemolytic factors seemed to be lipid in nature because of being heat-stable and soluble in chloroform solvent. Further analysis by means of thin-layer chromatography showed that hemolytic activity in the extracts was due to free fatty acids. Analysis by gas chromatography revealed that fatty acids in the egg extracts consist of myristic, palmitic, palmitoleic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, linolenic, and arachidonic acids. Among them, based on the experiments with commercially available fatty acids, arachidonic acid was the most intensively hemolytic, followed by linoleic, linolenic, oleic, palmitoleic, and myristic acids in that order, whereas palmitic acid showed weak activity only in the presence of divalent cations. From the estimated calculation, it was assumed that 1 mg of protein of the egg extracts contains as much as 0.22 mg of free fatty acids.
日本血吸虫虫卵提取物对多种物种的红细胞表现出溶血活性。溶血反应在37℃比在4℃时发生得更快，且不需要二价阳离子。溶血程度取决于虫卵提取物的浓度。溶血因子似乎本质上是脂质，因为它具有热稳定性且可溶于氯仿溶剂。通过薄层色谱法进一步分析表明，提取物中的溶血活性归因于游离脂肪酸。气相色谱分析显示，虫卵提取物中的脂肪酸由肉豆蔻酸、棕榈酸、棕榈油酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸和花生四烯酸组成。其中，根据对市售脂肪酸的实验，花生四烯酸的溶血作用最强，其次依次是亚油酸、亚麻酸、油酸、棕榈油酸和肉豆蔻酸，而棕榈酸仅在二价阳离子存在时表现出较弱的活性。根据估算，假定1mg虫卵提取物蛋白质中含有多达0.22mg的游离脂肪酸。
