Gleim G W
Clin Sports Med. 1984 Jan;3(1):185-97.
We examined one professional football team over the course of the 1979 season in an attempt to divide the team into four basic positional categories of Line, TE-LB, OB, and DB-WR. Numerous significant differences could be found between these groups with regard to speed, anthropometric data, strength, and performance tests. This indicates a great deal of homogeneity by position within the professional football roster. We then employed a statistical treatment called "discriminant analysis," which, based upon combinations of four variables (two for size, one for fat, one for strength), could place each player into his position with a very high degree of accuracy. This has important implications for selection of players when they make the transition from college to professional football. Finally, we again employed discriminant analysis within the positions, adding variables of muscle deficits, injury history, and playing time and were able to rank players into either the injured or noninjured categories. These equations had a sensitivity of 93.7 per cent and specificity of 96.1 per cent, with the overall injury rate of 38 per cent. This indicates that some characteristics may abet injury. The discriminant analysis allows for selection of variables to statistically profile the football player. This technique addresses the multiple factors that contribute to the success or injury of the player and should be of use in profiling any sport, especially on the professional level.
在1979赛季期间，我们对一支职业橄榄球队进行了研究，试图将该球队划分为四个基本位置类别，即前锋线、边锋-线卫、外接手和防守后卫-外接手。在速度、人体测量数据、力量和性能测试方面，这些组别之间存在许多显著差异。这表明职业橄榄球队阵容中各位置的球员具有很大的同质性。然后，我们采用了一种名为“判别分析”的统计方法，该方法基于四个变量（两个用于体型、一个用于脂肪含量、一个用于力量）的组合，能够以非常高的准确率将每个球员归入其相应位置。这对于球员从大学橄榄球过渡到职业橄榄球时的选拔具有重要意义。最后，我们在各个位置内部再次使用判别分析，加入肌肉缺陷、受伤史和上场时间等变量，并能够将球员分为受伤或未受伤类别。这些方程的敏感度为93.7%，特异度为96.1%，总体受伤率为38%。这表明某些特征可能会助长受伤情况。判别分析允许选择变量以对橄榄球运动员进行统计描述。该技术考虑了促成球员成功或受伤的多个因素，并且应该可用于描述任何运动项目，尤其是在职业层面。
